The Daily Hustle: ‘Packing up a life’ in Pakistan and being forcibly returned to Afghanistan 

Nearly a million Afghans, many born and brought up in Pakistan, have ‘returned’ to their country since the start of Pakistan’s latest deportation campaign. On 3 October 2023, the government in Islamabad told undocumented Afghans living in the country to leave voluntarily by the end of that month or risk being forcibly returned. The police in Pakistan, however, began detaining and forcibly returning Afghans well in advance of the deadline, despite calls from Kabul and international organisations such as the United Nations refugee agency, UNHCR, to stay the deportations during winter or at least slow their pace to avert what many feared was a looming humanitarian catastrophe. AAN’s Ali Mohammad Sabawoon heard from one Afghan who has recently returned to Kabul with his family about the abrupt ending of his life in Pakistan and his experience of return. 
By the time I left my home in Islamabad to return to Afghanistan, I had spent 35 of my 55 years in Pakistan. In 1988, the Soviets had started their withdrawal from Afghanistan and the fight for power between the mujahedin factions had entered a ferocious and more bloody phase. As a young man of 20, I couldn’t see a future for myself there in the rubble and poverty. There were no jobs and my father was struggling to feed our family. As the oldest son, I had to leave home in search of work to send money home and, at the very least, my father would have one less mouth to feed. Over the years, I made a life for myself in Pakistan. I married a girl from my family, we had two sons and then later, we were blessed with three daughters.

At first, I worked as a day labourer and we didn’t have much money, barely making ends meet. But our situation improved when my sons got older and could join me at work. Within two years of my sons contributing to the household, we were able to buy some cows and start breeding them and selling their milk. We invested all the money back into the business. We bought young calves and sold them at a profit when they were grown. We were now financially secure businessmen. We moved to better housing, sent my three daughters to school and, eventually, my two sons got married. Now, we have a happy, prosperous nine-member household. Or at least we did until the Pakistani government started the latest deportation of Afghans.

The right time to leave 

At first, when the Pakistani government first announced the deadline for Afghans to leave, I ignored it. They had made such announcements before, and we had always been able to weather the storm and stay on in Islamabad. We used to have official refugee papers, but I had allowed them to lapse. I don’t know why. I guess I had become too complacent. I tried unsuccessfully to bring our paperwork up-to-date and legalise our status again. We thought we could lie low and let the storm pass. But the police started rounding up Afghans even before the deadline. Even people who were in Pakistan legally were being detained and sent back to Afghanistan. We had a family meeting to talk about what we should do. My wife and I were the only ones in the family who had ever lived in Afghanistan. My children were born in Pakistan and my girls had never been to Afghanistan. My teenage daughters opposed the move because they knew they would not be able to continue their schooling. They’d heard about the Emirate’s restrictions on women and were afraid they would lose all the freedoms they’d had in Pakistan. But the situation seemed impossible, so we decided to start making preparations to return to Afghanistan. It was best to leave on our own terms. We would sell what we could so that we could return with some capital.

Preparing to leave

Packing up a life is not an easy thing to do. We had to decide what we could take, what to sell and what to leave behind or give away. We had to tie up loose ends and say goodbye to friends and family. Mostly, we had to come to terms with leaving our lives and everything we had known. The few weeks before we left took not only a physical toll but also an emotional one.

We took a beating on the sale of our belongings. There are always people to benefit from the misfortune of others. The Pakistani government had a list of things we couldn’t take to Afghanistan. These included livestock and motorcycles. Our two cows were worth 500,000 rupees (USD 1,750) each, but I sold them for 190,000 (USD 650) each. I also had five calves, each worth 90,000 rupees (USD 300); I got only 30,000 (USD 100) for each of them. I sold my motorbike for only 100,000 rupees (USD 345). I had bought it new for 200,000 rupees (USD 690).

Meanwhile, my wife and daughters were busy packing our belongings. When the packing was finally done, I sent my oldest son to the market nearby to arrange for a truck and a driver to take us and our stuff to Afghanistan. The police were out looking to arrest undocumented Afghans and I told him to be careful.

The police arrest my son

We hadn’t heard from my son since he’d left the house early in the morning to find a truck. I kept calling him, but he wasn’t picking up the phone. That evening, we sat in silence, waiting for the phone to ring, my wife’s eyes locked on the front door. The next day, around 9 in the morning, we got a call from a strange number. The person on the other end told me in Urdu that he was a police officer and then gave the phone to my son. He told me he’d been detained and unless we gave the police 25,000 rupees (USD 81), they would issue a First Information Report (FIR) and send him to prison. I quickly agreed to send them money to get him released. But I couldn’t go to the police station myself because, without valid refugee documents, I could be detained as well. So I asked a Pakistani friend to take the money to the police station. After an hour, which felt like an eternity, my son called to say he was on his way home.

We couldn’t risk leaving the house again, so I asked a relative who had a refugee card to help us rent a truck. Luckily, he found an Afghan driver who agreed to take us all the way to Kabul for 182,000 rupees (USD 630).

A final goodbye 

It was already dark when we reached the Torkham crossing. We had to wait until morning for them to open the crossing point. My daughters were anxious and kept asking questions. They wanted to know about life in Afghanistan, what the houses were like, could they find the same products they were used to buying in Pakistan, did they have the same TV programmes and, most importantly, what were they going to do about their education since they could not attend high school in Afghanistan?

Finally, they opened the border and the Pakistani police started searching the vehicles that had queued overnight. They made us take everything off the truck. They threw everything on the ground and when they were finished riffling through our belongings, they left it all on the ground for us to repack. My wife watched quietly, shaking her head as the guards carelessly dumped our bedding and clothes on the dirty ground and signalled my daughters to start shaking the dust and repack things as best they could.

I could hear a boy crying because he’d been told he had to leave his pet chicken behind. The boy clutched the bird to his chest and pleaded with the guards. The father quietly spoke to the guards and asked them to make an exception. Finally, they said they’d let the boy take his chicken if the father gave them 3,000 rupees (USD 10). I could see the father’s ashen face as he explained to his son that they couldn’t afford to pay and had to give the chicken to the guards. The boy hugged the bird one last time and then handed it over. He kept looking back as long as he could, a river of tears streaming down his cheeks, until they were past the checkpoint and he could no longer see his beloved pet.

When we reached the checkpoint, we stopped and looked back at the country that had been our home all these years. In our hearts, we thanked Pakistan for affording us a good life. Then, we turned around and started taking our first steps toward our new life.

Back home to Afghanistan 

Luckily, the border was not too busy when we crossed, but we had to spend another two nights on the Afghan side to get our returnee documents and the money the Emirate gives returnees to help them get started, 15,000 Afs (USD 215) per family. I heard that families that arrived two weeks later had to wait up to 11 days to get their documents and money.

When we reached Kabul, there was a clamour of excitement in the truck. The girls were marvelling at the modern buildings in the city, the broad clean avenues. They pointed to shop windows and giggled to each other. It was the first time I’d seen a glint of excitement in my girls’ eyes since we’d decided to leave Islamabad. The mood had lightened and I didn’t want to darken their delight with my own anxieties about the future, so I joined in the merriment too.

One of my relatives had an empty house in Kabul’s Tarakhel township. Weeks earlier, he’d called me. He’d heard we were leaving Pakistan and told me we could live in the house rent-free for as long as we needed to get on our feet. It was a very lucky break that many people don’t have, but over the years, I’d hosted this man and his family in Islamabad several times and he told me it was his turn to host us.

We’ve been in Kabul for a month now. The days are taken up by setting up the house and settling into life. I take the girls out to explore the city. It gives me joy to see them excited about the possibilities Kabul has to offer. For now, we have enough money to survive the winter, but I have to get work and a way to find a living for my family. I’ve been asking around for work since we arrived, but jobs are ‘as rare as bird’s milk’ (an Afghan saying, az sher-e morq ta jon-e adamizad, ‘from bird’s milk to human life’ refers to a precious rarity). I don’t think I’ll find a job before spring, but I hope to rent some land and start a cattle business when the weather gets better. We have to start small, but I’m sure we can make a go of things.

It’s not easy to start a life, especially at my age. I didn’t think I’d have to start all over again, but I’m an Afghan. I know from experience that life is full of unexpected twists and turns. I have faith in God and, inshallah, things will go well.

Edited by Roxanna Shapour 

 

The Daily Hustle: ‘Packing up a life’ in Pakistan and being forcibly returned to Afghanistan 
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Islamic Emirate Praises Sinirlioğlu’s Work as UN Coordinator

The Islamic Emirate has praised the mission of Special Coordinator of the United Nations for Afghanistan, Feridun Hadi Sinirlioğlu, saying that he has somewhat presented the realities of Afghanistan on the international stage.

The spokesperson of the caretaker government of Afghanistan, Zabiullah Mujahid, said that the Islamic Emirate has had good relations with the UN envoy so far.

“He has played a positive role so far because he has been optimistic, which we praise. The UN should send a replacement who is optimistic like him so that he/she can present the realities of Afghanistan to lead to resolving ambiguities about Afghanistan,” said Zabiullah Mujahid, the spokesperson of Islamic Emirate.

The United Nations announced that Sinirlioğlu’s mission as the organization’s special coordinator for Afghanistan has been extended until February 2024 to convene the grand meeting about the country.

In addition, political analysts said that Sinirlioglu’s appointment was efficient for Afghanistan.

“Sinirlioglu’s mission is a good one but not a complete mission. The mission should get more serious and open a path for intra-Afghan talks,” said Sangar Amirzada, an international relations’ expert. “His role was to find problems and find solutions for them. He has made a roadmap for full integration of Afghanistan in the international system,” said Bilal Fatemi, another international relations expert.

Feridun Hadi Sinirlioğlu was appointed as the UN’s special coordinator for Afghanistan in April 2023 who met with various officials and ministers of the Islamic Emirate during his tenure.

The UN coordinator presented to the UNSC his independent assessment on Afghanistan in November last year in which he highlighted ways for full integration of Afghanistan into the international system.

Islamic Emirate Praises Sinirlioğlu’s Work as UN Coordinator
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Supreme Leader Orders All Laws to be Sharia-Based: Ministry

Sahibzada said the capacity-building program was aimed at building the capacity of lawyers in serving people and implementing Islamic Sharia.

The supreme leader of the Islamic Emirate has ordered that Afghanistan’s laws be based on Sharia law and Islamic Jurisprudence, said the Ministry of Justice.

Speaking at the graduation ceremony of new lawyers, the deputy minister of justice, Abdul Karim Haidar, said that they have made efforts in the past two years to prepare all laws and procedure of the ministry based on the Islamic principles.

“The supreme leader has ordered that all the laws in the Justice Ministry be sourced from Sharia law and jurisprudence,” said Abdul Karim Haidar, the Deputy Minister of Justice.

According to the head of legislation of the Justice Ministry Fazal Hadi Sahibzada, 120 lawyers graduated from a nine-month period of practical studies and training [post university period] enabling them to work in courts.

Sahibzada said the capacity-building program was aimed at building the capacity of lawyers in serving people and implementing Islamic Sharia.

“We had given them examinations and 120 lawyers graduated today who received certificates and work licenses. They are presented to the society to serve people in courts,” said Fazal Hadi Sahibzada, the head of legislation of the Justice Ministry.

Meanwhile, the lawyers who graduated from the program expressed their joy for completing the capacity building program.

“In the past, the practical studies and training programs for lawyers used to be held by different legal organizations and they used to fund and run the programs, but now this is not the case,” said Habib Al-Habib, the head of the lawyers of the ministry.

“Our fundamental goal is to ensure social justice and deliver jurisprudence to people . We have no other goal,” said Abdul Rahman Mawlawizada, one of the graduate lawyers.

Based on the statistics of officials at the Ministry of Justice, nearly 200 lawyers are still busy receiving studies and training at the ministry.

Supreme Leader Orders All Laws to be Sharia-Based: Ministry
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Exclusive: US intelligence confirms Islamic State’s Afghanistan branch behind Iran blasts

By  and 

WASHINGTON, Jan 5 (Reuters) – Communications intercepts collected by the United States confirmed that Islamic State’s (ISIS) Afghanistan-based branch carried out twin bombings in Iran that killed nearly 100 people, two sources familiar with the intelligence told Reuters on Friday.

“The intelligence is clear-cut and indisputable,” one source said.

That source and a second, both of whom requested anonymity to discuss the sensitive issue, said the intelligence comprised communications intercepts, without providing further details. The collection of the intercepts has not been previously reported.

Wednesday’s bombings, the deadliest of their kind in Iran since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, added to regional tensions over the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza and attacks by Yemen’s Tehran-aligned Houthi group on commercial shipping in the Red Sea.

ISIS on Thursday claimed responsibility for the bombings, saying two operatives wearing explosive suicide belts staged the attack during a memorial service for Qassem Soleimani, a senior military commander assassinated in Iraq in a 2020 U.S. drone strike.

The Sunni Muslim militant group, however, did not specify that its Afghanistan-based affiliate, known as ISIS-Khorasan (ISIS-K), was responsible for the bombings in the southeastern Iranian city of Kerman.

“The U.S. has pretty clear intel” that ISIS-K conducted the attack, the first source said.

The Central Intelligence Agency declined to comment.

ISIS harbors a virulent hatred for Shi’ites — Iran’s dominant sect and targets of its affiliate’s attacks in Afghanistan — who it views as apostates.

ISIS claimed responsibility for a 2022 attack on a Shi’ite shrine in Iran that killed 15 people and 2017 bombings that hit the parliament and the tomb of the Islamic Republic’s founder, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.

Iran on Friday said security forces had arrested 11 people suspected of involvement in Wednesday’s attack and had seized explosive devices and vests.

While Taliban crackdowns have weakened ISIS-K and prompted some members to leave Afghanistan for neighboring countries, the affiliate has continued focusing on plotting foreign operations, U.S. officials say.

Reporting by Jonathan Landay and Steve Holland in Washington Editing by Susan Heavey, Matthew Lewis and Leslie Adler

Exclusive: US intelligence confirms Islamic State’s Afghanistan branch behind Iran blasts
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Citizens Criticize ‘Slow Process’ of Supreme Court

Some citizens asked the Islamic Emirate to address their cases as soon as possible.

Some citizens criticized the slow process of hearing their cases in the Supreme Court.

Some citizens asked the Islamic Emirate to address their cases as soon as possible.

“The courts should do their work quickly, and there should be no carelessness in this regard, so that the cases which are in the courts are addressed as soon as possible,” said Abdul Latif Azizi, a resident of Kabul.

“The cases in the courts should be addressed as soon as possible, because the cases should not be left unprocessed in the courts for years like in the past,” said Basir Ahmad, another resident of Kabul.

However, Abdul Rahim Rashid, the spokesman of the Supreme Court of the Islamic Emirate said that the entire judiciary of the country is trying to solve the cases of citizens and will address their cases as soon as possible.

Rashid said over 46,000 criminal cases, cases of administrative corruption, and other issues were addressed in the nation in the first nine months of the 1402 solar year.

“People’s cases are addressed on time in courts. Only in the first 9 months of this year, 46,797 criminal cases were addressed, of which 30,347 civil criminal cases and 12,179 others are related to security and administrative corruption,” Rashid said.

Some analysts believe that the courts of the country should properly address people’s cases in a short time.

“The Islamic Emirate should work on a practical mechanism to investigate the cases so that it can be addressed on time and justice is applied in the decisions,” Aminullah Ehsas, a university lecturer, told TOLOnews.

According to the information of the Supreme Court, all the courts of the country are trying to improve their work process.

The spokesperson of the Supreme Court also added that they have addressed more than 4,000 cases of military personnel.

Citizens Criticize ‘Slow Process’ of Supreme Court
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Islamic Emirate Asks Countries for Flexibility in Recognizing Interim Govt

Meanwhile, analysts have different views regarding what should be done to solve the problem between the Islamic Emirate and the international community.

The Islamic Emirate’s spokesperson, Zabihullah Mujahid, said that they are trying to solve some challenges in the way of interaction of countries with the current Afghan government.

Although Mujahid expects the Islamic Emirate to be recognized in 2024, he said that in order for this to happen, the countries of the world should also show flexibility.

“This is not a one-way road and cannot look at it from one side. Organizations and some countries that stand in the way should show flexibility,” the spokesperson noted.

The spokesman of the Islamic Emirate defined the conditions of the world regarding the recognition of the Islamic Emirate as follows:

“A country should have its boundaries, a nation, and an organization called the government, so they recognize it. What is considered as intervention is inclusion and non-inclusion and the nature of the system,” Zabihullah Mujahid said.

Meanwhile, analysts have different views regarding what should be done to solve the problem between the Islamic Emirate and the international community.

“The Islamic Emirate should, for the recognition of Afghanistan, implement the conditions that the United Nations had set for Afghanistan,” Janat Fahim Chakari, a political analyst told TOLOnews.

“They should act upon the will of the Afghan people, and rely on the rule of law and meritocracy, and change their policy regarding the treatment of Afghan women,” Najib Rahman Shamal, another political analyst, told TOLOnews.

Even though the Islamic Emirate has been in power for more than two years and has representatives in over 14 countries, some nations, including neighbors, still have embassies operating in Afghanistan. However, the Islamic Emirate has not yet received recognition from any nation.

Islamic Emirate Asks Countries for Flexibility in Recognizing Interim Govt
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Unemployment, Debt Has Increased in Afghanistan: Biruni Institute

In this assessment, which interviewed 300 people, the social and economic evaluation of the citizens in the capital was discussed.

Biruni Institute, an Afghanistan-based group, said in an assessment that after the Islamic Emirate came to power, the unemployment rate among men has increased by 31% and among women by 8% in the country.

The assessment of the Biruni Institute said: “The share of indebted households in our sample increased from 30% in July 2021 to 67% in July 2023, more than doubling over the two years. To make ends meet after losing their sources of income, 15% of sample households were forced to liquidate land, property, and other less valuable assets.”

In this assessment, which interviewed 300 people, the social and economic evaluation of the citizens in the capital was discussed.

Bahara, who has created a sewing workshop for 50 women and girls, said that her workshop was prosperous in past years but now the market for selling their products has become very weak. she said that one of the reasons for the slowing of the market is the weak economy of families.

Bahara, a female entrepreneur, told TOLOnews: “Economic problems among males and females in Afghanistan have increased and they cannot afford to buy clothes.”

Meanwhile, the Ministry of Economy said that the caretaker government is trying to implement entrepreneurial projects to improve the economy of the people in the country.

The deputy Minister of Economy, Abdul Latif Nazari, said: “Our hope is that we can gradually take serious steps in eradicating poverty and unemployment this year.”

Samiullah Ebrahimi, the spokesperson of the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, said: “During this year, the ministry has distributed about 100,000 work permits to our compatriots, and this means that the recipients of the permits got jobs in the emirate’s offices or in the private sector.”

Some analysts believe that Afghanistan witnessed a decline in GDP growth after 2021. They want the Islamic Emirate to invest in strengthening agriculture and human development in the country in order to reduce the level of poverty in the country.

“This research provides valuable information regarding the social and economic status of families in the last two years in Kabul and shows that unemployment has increased by 40% among urban families,” said Mir Shekib Mir, an economic analyst.

The increase in poverty and unemployment in Afghanistan is one of the major concerns of international aid organizations.

Unemployment, Debt Has Increased in Afghanistan: Biruni Institute
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Kabul Has ‘Counterterrorism Commitments’: Miller

The Islamic Emirate said that not allowing Afghan soil to be used against other countries is the main strategy of the interim government.

Matthew Miller, spokesman for the US Department of State, said Washinton continues to make clear to the Taliban that they have counterterrorism commitments that it expects them to adhere to.

He made the remarks in a question about terrorist activity in Afghanistan.

“We maintain our capabilities to monitor the situation and respond to terrorist activity that we see despite the fact that there isn’t a more US presence in Afghanistan,” Miller said. “We demonstrated that when we took out the leader of al-Qaeda in July 2022, and we will continue to act to protect Americans.”

The Islamic Emirate said that not allowing Afghan soil to be used against other countries is the main strategy of the interim government.

“This is the strategy of the Islamic Emirate, to not allow the Afghan soil be used against other countries. This is both the strategy and commitment,” said Zabiullah Mujahid, Islamic Emirate spokesman.

The military analysts meanwhile said that the Islamic Emirate should make more efforts to counter the terrorist groups.

“To alleviate the allegations about Afghanistan, it is better that a joint committee of the neighboring countries including Afghanistan find the way of fighting the terrorists,” said Sarwar Niazai, military analyst.

“The Islamic Emirate should improve its relations with the neighboring countries in a bid to draw trust,” said Abdul Wahid Hakimi, a university instructor.

In August last year, US President Joe Biden in a live address announced the death of Al Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahiri.

But the Islamic Emirate’s officials said that they have not found any details to prove that Ayman al-Zawahiri, former leader of al-Qaeda, was killed in Afghanistan.

Kabul Has ‘Counterterrorism Commitments’: Miller
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Iran Announces Plans for Afghanistan, Pakistan Borders

Iran’s interior minister added that some parts of the border between Afghanistan and Iran are misused and this issue is dangerous for Iran.

Iran’s Interior Minister, Ahmad Wahidi, has announced the implementation of a plan to block some of the country’s borders with Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Ahmadi in an interview with Iranian news outlet (Isna) said that those border parts which faced vacuums and are misused will be prioritized in being blocked.

Iran’s interior minister added that some parts of the border between Afghanistan and Iran are misused and this issue is dangerous for Iran.

Isna quoted Ahmadi as saying: “The plan to block the border is a complete plan that has different dimensions and is not just a wall, and various things are done to block the border, and it is carried out by the General Staff of the Armed Forces and by various military and police forces at the border.”

At the same time, the Islamic Emirate said that there is no danger from Afghanistan to the neighboring countries, including Iran, and the neighboring countries should also pay attention to the security of their borders.

The spokesman of the Islamic Emirate said: “The smuggling route and the route that is misused, it is the right of a country to block them and we are also aware of the security. There is no problem from our side and they should also pay attention.”

Meanwhile, some international relations experts said that recent security problems in neighboring countries aroused their concerns about border security.

“The blocking of the border between Afghanistan and Iran by Iranian authorities after the Kerman explosion is an indirect accusation that terrorists are coming from Afghanistan and ruining Iran’s security,” said Aziz Maarej, an international relations expert.

Earlier, the spokesman of the Ministry of Borders and Tribal Affairs said that until now, the process of renewing border signs with Iran is 15% advanced.

According to the Ministry, Afghanistan has nearly 200 border signs and symbols on the border with Iran, and work is underway to reconstruct these signs.

Iran Announces Plans for Afghanistan, Pakistan Borders
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Envoys to Afghanistan to Meet: UN Chief’s Associate Spokesperson

The Islamic Emirate, meanwhile, called for an invitation of its representative in the meeting of the special envoy.

Stephanie Tremblay, Associate Spokesperson for the UN Secretary-General, said that Secretary General Antonio Guterres intends to organize the second meeting of the country’s special envoys for Afghanistan at an appropriate time. “I don’t have the time to announce today,” she said.

“This is to cement international consensus on the way forward and to discuss the recommendations of the independent assessments,” she said.

Tremblay said that the mission of the UN Special Coordinator and Independent Assessor of the UN, Feridun Hadi Sinirlioğlu has been extended until the end of February.

The Islamic Emirate, meanwhile, called for an invitation of its representative in the meeting of the special envoy.

“Any meeting which is being held regarding Afghanistan, the presence of the representatives of the Islamic Emirate is needed. If the representative of the Islamic Emirate is not present, the meeting will undoubtedly not be effective,” said Zabiullah Mujahid, the Islamic Emirate’s spokesman.

International relations analyst, Wahid Faqiri, said: “The Afghan government should have a parallel movement regarding such meetings. Unfortunately, the Taliban government during the past two and a half years is making hurdles ahead of the international community instead of cooperating with it.”

Earlier, TASS quoted the Russian special envoy for Afghanistan Zamir Kabulov as saying that the broad meeting on Afghanistan under the auspices of the UN may be conducted in mid-January.

Envoys to Afghanistan to Meet: UN Chief’s Associate Spokesperson
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