UN aid chief seeking to reverse ban on Afghan women workers

By EDITH M. LEDERER

Associated Press
24 Jan 2023

UNITED NATIONS (AP) — The U.N. humanitarian chief and leaders of two major international aid organizations are in Afghanistan following last week’s visit by a delegation led by the U.N.’s highest-ranking woman with the same aim – reversing the Taliban’s crackdown on women and girls including its ban on Afghan women working for national and global humanitarian organizations.

U.N. spokesman Stephane Dujarric said Undersecretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs Martin Griffiths was in the Afghan capital Monday along with Janti Soeripto, CEO of Save The Children US, and Sofia Sprechmann Sineiro, the secretary general of Care International as well as Omar Abdi, the deputy executive director of UNICEF, the U.N. children’s agency.

Dujarric said last month’s Taliban ban on Afghan women working for non-governmental organizations has put some aid programs on hold and is “sowing fears that the already dire humanitarian situation in Afghanistan will get even worse.”

Some 28 million Afghans are in need of food, medicine and other humanitarian aid, “a 350% hike in just five years,” according to the latest report released Monday on the Humanitarian Needs Overview for Afghanistan, Dujarric said.

U.N. deputy spokesman Farhan Haq said last Friday that the delegation headed by U.N. Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed found that some Taliban officials were more open to restoring women’s rights but others were clearly opposed.

“The key thing is to reconcile the (Taliban) officials that they’ve met who’ve been more helpful with those who have not,” Haq said.

Mohammed, a former Nigerian Cabinet minister and a Muslim who is the U.N.’s highest-ranking woman, was joined on the trip by Sima Bahous, executive director of UN Women which promotes gender equality and women’s rights, and Assistant Secretary General for political affairs Khaled Khiari.

The U.N. team met with the Taliban in the capital of Kabul and the southern city of Kandahar, but the U.N. did not release the names of any of the Taliban officials. The meetings focused on the restrictive measures the Taliban have imposed on women and girls since they took power in August 2021, during the final weeks of the U.S. and NATO forces’ pullout after 20 years of war.

Griffiths is expected to focus especially on reversing the December ban on Afghan women working for NGOs. The U.N. has stressed that Afghan women are crucial to delivering humanitarian help to civilians, the majority of them women and children.

UN aid chief seeking to reverse ban on Afghan women workers
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China Supports Inclusive Political Structure in Afghanistan: Qin

Takal said that Muttaqi assured Qin of ensuring the security of Chinese companies and vowed more efforts for regional security.

Chinese Foreign Minister Qin Gang in a phone call with the acting Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi expressed China’s support for the Afghan interim government to build a broad and inclusive political structure in the country.

Global Times quoted the Chinese FM as saying that China never interferes in Afghanistan’s internal affairs, nor seeks any selfish gains in Afghanistan or the so-called sphere of influence.

Meanwhile, Muttaqi said that China is committed to cooperating with Afghanistan.

“We talked about one hour on the phone. Our discussion focused on how to cooperate with each other? How to invest in Afghanistan? How to ensure peace and stability in Afghanistan. We had talks with them in agriculture sector as well,” he said.

A spokesman for Afghan Foreign Ministry, Hafiz Zia Ahmad Takal said in a statement said that the two sides discussed biliteral relations between the two countries and the provision of security for China’s investment in Afghanistan.

Takal said that Muttaqi assured Qin of ensuring the security of Chinese companies and vowed more efforts for regional security.

Takal said that the Chinese minister vowed to make efforts to improve relations between Kabul and Beijing and said China respects the “independence, sovereignty and religious and cultural values” of Afghanistan.

“The Foreign Minister assured the Chinese side that the Afghan government is trying for regional security and stability and it will not allow any group to use Afghan soil against other countries. Muttaqi also stressed on security of Chinese companies in Afghanistan,” he said.

Analysts said that China has an important role in improvement of situation in Afghanistan.

“The rest of the world has its demands. They ask for something else in return while they give something. China can provide aid to Afghanistan,” said Zakiullah Mohammadi, a political analyst. “Having relations with China, especially diplomatic relations benefits Afghanistan.”

China has signed two major contracts of Mess Aynak and extraction of oil from the Amu River basin.

China Supports Inclusive Political Structure in Afghanistan: Qin
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Afghanistan Faces Unprecedented Humanitarian Crisis: UN Agency

Extreme cold amidst harsh winter has created many concerns about the challenging conditions of Afghans.

The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs in a report on Monday said that Afghanistan is facing an unprecedented humanitarian crisis with “a very real risk of systemic collapse and human catastrophe.”

According to OCHA, in addition to unimaginable human costs, this humanitarian crisis is reversing many of the gains of the last 20 years, including women’s rights.

The report said that 17 million people will face acute hunger in 2023, including 6 million people at emergency levels of food insecurity.

“Deterioration is expected in the first quarter of 2023 due to the simultaneous effects of winter and the lean season, sustained high food prices, reduced income and unemployment and continued economic decline,” the report reads.

Extreme cold amidst harsh winter has created many concerns about the challenging conditions of Afghans.

“I earn 100 Afs every day and it cannot meet any demand. I have not bought anything for the winter so far,” said Ahmad, a Kabul resident.

“I have only four blankets. There is nothing to eat or wear,” said a Kabul resident.

This comes as the head of the Swiss development agency said his country remains committed to humanitarian work in Afghanistan despite the ban on women working in NGOs.

The office of the Swiss development agency in Kabul was closed after the Islamic Emirate swept into power in August 2021. It is currently operating from Pakistan.

The director of the organization, Patricia Danzi, said in an interview with the NZZ said that the SDC is assessing how to use the CHF30 million ($33 million) budget effectively.

“Lack of economic infrastructure and investment are the main reasons for the increasing poverty and humanitarian crisis over one and half year,” said Shabir Bashiri, an analyst.

This comes as the Minister of Economy, Abdul Latif Nazari, said that efforts are underway to spend the aid in infrastructure projects.

“We will use the aid for development activities and addressing of fundamental needs,” Nazari said.

The OCHA report said that the collapse of the previous government resulted in the suspension of direct international development assistance, which previously accounted for 75 percent of public expenditure, including the maintenance of the public health system.

Afghanistan Faces Unprecedented Humanitarian Crisis: UN Agency
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UN Continues to Support Afghan Women: Official

The United Nations deputy chief, Amina Mohammed, in an interview with TOLOnews said that her organization will continue to support women in Afghanistan.

Mohammed said she would put pressure on the Islamic Emirate together with a number of countries to respect Afghan women’s rights.

“Before coming to this country, we visited a number of countries and had consultations to bring momentum and the pressure and the consensus to this government to speak to women to give them hope that we have not left,” she said.

She said the delegation’s visit to Kabul was aimed at meeting with officials in Kabul to discuss the removal of restrictions on women and girls in Afghanistan.

“First, I have been to Afghanistan before. This is my second time, but this visit is very special. It is special because the intention of the secretary general in sending this high-level delegation, myself and the head of UN Women, is to come and meet with the de facto authorities to engage with them on the two bans that they had edict on the prohibition of women in the workplace and in education and to really see how we can reverse those bans,” she said.

The high-ranking UN representative said she will keep negotiating with the Afghan government until women’s rights are protected.

But Islamic Emirate’s spokesman Zabiullah Mujahid said the current government will make an effort to address the issue of restrictions on women’s education and employment.

“They have expressed their concerns in meeting with the officials, and the Islamic Emirate officials have told them that we will take steps in all possible cases that are in accordance with the Islamic Sharia,” Mujahid said.

This comes as women and girls have been banned from attending schools and universities and from going to amusement parks, baths, sports clubs, traveling without a male guardian, and working for non-governmental organizations. The decisions have triggered global reactions.

UN Continues to Support Afghan Women: Official
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UN envoy says ‘progress’ made on Afghan women’s rights

Al Jazeera

21 Jan 2023

Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed, who held talks with Taliban, tells Al Jazeera some progress in the health sector made but much remains to be done.

The high-level meeting earlier this week comes amid widespread criticism of the governing Taliban for banning women from universities and NGOs last month. Millions of high school girls have already been confined to their homes as schools remain shut. The Taliban has gone back on its promises of women’s rights and media freedom since they stormed to power in August 2021 after the West-backed government collapsed.

“There has been some progress. Some exemptions have been made to the edicts that have covered the health sector,” Mohammed, who led the delegation, said, referring to the resumption of work by three NGOs last week.

“I think that’s because the international community, and particularly the partners who are funding this were able to show the implications and the impact of the woman-to-woman services, particularly childbirth,” she added.

Not enough, she said, adding that was just the very beginning. “We’ve opened up a crack and we hope that through the reversals we can eventually get to a stage where you neutralise those edicts and women are back in school and girls and of course in the workplace.”

The 61-year-old UN diplomat said her delegation met with cabinet members, including the foreign minister, deputy prime minister and minister of refugees and returnees.

The group also met the governor of Kandahar, as well as the Shura (leadership council) that is responsible for taking many key decisions in the country.

“I was always very clear that I am going there as an opportunity to air the voices of Afghan women. We heard from young women who said, ‘We do not need your voice, what we need is you amplify ours,’” Mohammed told Al Jazeera in an interview.

‘Important to have a conversation’

Mohammed, the UN’s top-ranking female official, described the current laws on women’s education and workplace as an “aberration” to the teachings of Islam but emphasised the need to engage with the Taliban.

“It’s very important to go in there and try to have a conversation with them, and they did,” she added.

“What we did see was an understanding … of how important it was for girls’ rights and women’s rights in education. They all didn’t … didn’t push back on that. But what they said was that … it is a work in progress and they’re going to come back to us with the new framing around which they would protect women that would be accessing education and also the workplace,” Mohammed, who is the first Muslim UN deputy secretary-general, said.

Last week, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres denounced the “unprecedented, systemic attacks on women’s and girls’ rights”, which he said “are creating gender-based apartheid”.

But he says the Taliban is allowing organisations to operate if they align with the country’s values.

Those NGOs which were committed to the “cardinal principle of NGO work [such as] impartiality and neutrality” were given exemptions in some areas, including health, Balkhi told Al Jazeera on Saturday.

Mohammed, a former minister of environment in the Nigerian government, before she visited Kabul, reached out to the 57-member Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), which expressed concern about restrictions on women.

The OIC, the grouping of Muslim nations, issued a statement saying that what is happening in Afghanistan is against the holy Quran and Islam.

To date, no country in the world has recognised the Taliban-led government since they stormed to power 17 months ago weeks in advance of the withdrawal of US-led foreign forces after 20 years of war and occupation.

Western nations and others have demanded the group lift restrictions on women’s rights and make the government more representative.

Asked if the UN itself would recognise the group, Mohammed, the UN envoy, said, “I hope there is a day that we do recognise this government, provided it is based on the principles that they need to understand and uphold as part of the international family.”

“But I do fear that what we are doing is having women and girls caught in the crossfire, and it’s really important we don’t do that. We heard the stories of many Afghan women who, because of this, are not able to feed their children,” she added.

According to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) the humanitarian crises in the country were affecting 28 million people.

Dozens of Afghans have died in the severe cold wave sweeping the country.

SOURCE: AL JAZEERA
UN envoy says ‘progress’ made on Afghan women’s rights
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Moscow Discussed Recognition with Islamic Emirate: Russian Foreign Ministry

The Russian Foreign Ministry said in a statement that during the visit of its envoy to Afghanistan, the two sides discussed recognition of the Islamic Emirate.

The statement said that Russian envoy Zamir Kabulov has also discussed strengthening of economic, cultural education relations between the two countries as well as issues of terrorism and prevention of narcotics.

“In the meeting, there was a considerable attention by the Russian envoy for Afghanistan for recognition and the diplomacy of the Islamic Emirate by the international community,” the statement reads.

The Islamic Emirate called recognition important for economic and political improvement in the region.

“Countries should understand that imposition of pressure and other political pressures will not bring results. It is better to engage with the Afghans,” Islamic Emirate spokesman Zabiullah Mujahid said.

“They have discussed some of the issues. Russia is trying to make the Taliban busy in improvement of relations with Russia and show the Taliban that it is recognizing them,” said Rahmatullah Bizhanpor, a political analyst.

“Russia will not recognize Afghanistan in the near future and if Russia is the only country to recognize Afghanistan, the problems of Afghanistan will not be solved” said Torek Farhadi, a political analyst.

It has been more than 16 months since the Islamic Emirate swept into power but is yet to be recognized by any country in the world.

Moscow Discussed Recognition with Islamic Emirate: Russian Foreign Ministry
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Iran, Turkey Seek Women’s Access to Education in Afghanistan

According to UNESCO, more than 118 million girls across the globe are out of school.

The Turkish foreign minister at a conference with his Iranian counterpart on Tuesday emphasized on the need to provide women and girls access to education and work.

Turkish Foreign Minister, Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu and Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian said on Tuesday that the there is no religious justification for the ban on women’s access to education.

“We have confirmed our consistent view regarding restrictions on girls children access to education and women’s access to work in Afghanistan,” the Turkish foreign minister said.

“We will engage in this regard with the Taliban or if it was needed we will continue our activities under the umbrella of the Organization of the Islamic Countries Cooperation. Our religion, Islam has not banned education and on the contrary it stresses on education. Then these issues are in contradict with our religion and are inhumane,” he added.

According to UNESCO, more than 118 million girls across the globe are out of school.

The UN Secretary-General said that nothing can “justify keeping girls out of the classroom.”

“The ruling side in Afghanistan should pay attention that as much as we witness the restrictions regarding women’s rights and freedom, there will be further reactions,” said Marriam Arseen, a women’s rights activist.

“I am one of the girls whose schools were closed for the past two years and we were able to continue our lessons amidst many problems,” said Huma, a student.

“The restrictions that were imposed on women should be canceled and schools and educational centers should be reopened,” said Zahra, a student.

The decrees of the Islamic Emirate to ban women and girls from having access to education and work at NGOs have faced widespread reactions at national and international levels.

But the caretaker government says the decisions are not permanent and that they are temporary.

Iran, Turkey Seek Women’s Access to Education in Afghanistan
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Freedom House Releases Report on Human Rights Conditions in Afghanistan

Islamic Emirate rejected the findings of the report as untrue.

A US-based research organization, Freedom House, has released a report on human rights conditions in Afghanistan.

The organization says that at least 90 percent of human rights defenders said they have experienced violence and mistreatment.

“Afghan human rights defenders live in fear and face grave challenges, whether they remain in the country or have fled abroad,” said Michael Abramowitz, head of Freedom House. “The international community must redouble its support for these activists’ tireless efforts to create a freer and more just Afghanistan.”

The survey of 663 Afghan human rights defenders was conducted between May and June 2022 and offers one of the clearest pictures to date of the dire conditions endured by human rights defenders in the aftermath of the August 2021 collapse of Afghanistan’s elected government.

Before the Taliban retook control of Afghanistan, the country was home to numerous groups and individuals who advocated for the rights and protection of all Afghans, including women, religious minorities, and marginalized communities, the report says.

Islamic Emirate rejected the findings of the report as untrue.

“Neither of them has been sent behind bars nor have they been tortured. The reports and claims that are being made in this regard are untrue. We reject it,” said Zabiullah Mujahid, Islamic Emirate’s spokesman.

Analysts called the activities of human rights defenders important to monitor the government’s actions.

“Every society needs human rights defenders to ensure justice and they play an important role in this regard,” said Aziz Maarij, a legal affairs analyst.

“They treat in a way which is out of our Islamic and cultural format. They should consider this issue,” said Rohgul Afghan, a human rights defender.

This comes as international organizations have also expressed concerns over the human rights situation in Afghanistan, specifically the rights of women and girls.

Freedom House Releases Report on Human Rights Conditions in Afghanistan
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Afghanistan: Some Taliban open to women’s rights talks – top UN official

By Lyse Doucet

A top UN official believes progress is being made towards reversing bans on women taking part in public life in Afghanistan.

Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed has been in Kabul for a four-day visit to urge the Taliban to reconsider.

Last month, the country’s Islamist rulers banned all women from working for non-governmental organisations (NGOs).

The move caused several aid agencies to suspended operations.

Speaking to the BBC at the end of her trip, Ms Mohammed said most senior Taliban officials she met had been ready to engage over the rights of girls and women.

However, she described the talks as tough and cautioned that it would be a very long journey before the leadership took the fundamental steps required for international recognition of their rule.

“I think there are many voices we heard, which are progressive in the way that we would like to go,” Ms Mohammed said. “But there are others that really are not.”

“I think the pressure we put in the support we give to those that are thinking more progressively is a good thing. So this visit, I think, gives them more voice and pressure to help the argument internally.”

Ms Mohammed also criticised the international community, including other Islamic states, for not doing enough to engage on the issue.

Since seizing back control of the country last year, the Taliban has steadily restricted women’s rights – despite promising its rule would be softer than the regime seen in the 1990s.

As well as the ban on female university students – now being enforced by armed guards – secondary schools for girls remain closed in most provinces.

Women have also been prevented from entering parks and gyms, among other public places.

It justified the move to ban Afghan women from working for NGOs by claiming female staff had broken dress codes by not wearing hijabs.

Ms Mohammed’s comments come as Afghanistan suffers its harshest winter in many years.

The Taliban leadership blames sanctions and the refusal of the international community to recognise their rule for the country’s deepening crisis.

Ms Mohammed said her message to Afghanistan’s rulers was that they must first demonstrate their commitment to internationally recognised norms and that humanitarian aid cannot be provided if Afghan women are not allowed to help.

“They’re discriminating against women there. for want of a better word, they become invisible, they’re waiting them out, and that can’t happen,” she said.

But she said the Taliban’s stance was that the UN and aid organisations were “politicising humanitarian aid”.

“They believe that… the law applies to anyone anywhere and their sovereign rights should be respected,” she said.

The Taliban health ministry has clarified that women can work in the health sector, where female doctors and nurses are essential, but Ms Mohammed said this was not enough.

“There are many other services that we didn’t get to do with access to food and other livelihood items that that will allow us to see millions of women and their families survive a harsh winter, be part of growth and prosperity, peace,” she said.

This visit by the most senior woman at the UN also sends a message that women can and should play roles at all levels of society.

Afghanistan: Some Taliban open to women’s rights talks – top UN official
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UN says Taliban divided on appeal to restore women’s rights

By EDITH M. LEDERER

Associated Press
20 Jan 2023

UNITED NATIONS (AP) — A delegation led by the highest-ranking woman at the United Nations urged the Taliban during a four-day visit to Afghanistan that ended Friday to reverse their crackdown on women and girls. Some Taliban officials were more open to restoring women’s rights but others were clearly opposed, a U.N. spokesman said.

The U.N. team met with the Taliban in the capital of Kabul and the southern city of Kandahar. It did not release the names of any of the Taliban officials. The meetings focused on the restrictive measures the Taliban have imposed on women and girls since they took power in August 2021, during the final weeks of the U.S. and NATO forces’ pullout after 20 years of war.

The team, headed by U.N. Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed, found that some Taliban officials “have been cooperative and they’ve received some signs of progress,” said U.N. deputy spokesman Farhan Haq. “The key thing is to reconcile the (Taliban) officials that they’ve met who’ve been more helpful with those who have not.”

Haq stressed that “there are many different points of authority” among the Taliban and that the U.N. team will try to get them to “work together to advance the goals that we want, which include most crucially, bringing women and girls back to the full enjoyment of their rights.”

Mohammed, a former Nigerian Cabinet minister and a Muslim, was joined on the trip by Sima Bahous, executive director of UN Women, which promotes gender equality and women’s rights, and Assistant Secretary General for political affairs Khaled Khiari.

As the Taliban did during their previous rule of Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001, they gradually re-imposed their harsh interpretation of Islamic law, or Sharia. Girls have been barred from school beyond the sixth grade and women are banned from most jobs, public spaces and gyms.

In late December, the Taliban barred aid groups from employing women, paralyzing deliveries that help keep millions of Afghans alive, and threatening humanitarian services countrywide. In addition, thousands of women who work for aid organizations across the war-battered country are facing the loss of income they desperately need to feed their own families.

Limited work by women has been allowed in some sectors, including the health field.

“What we’ve seen in terms of basic rights for women and girls is a huge step backwards,” Haq said. “We are trying to do more and we’ll continue on that front.”

In a statement, Mohammed said her message to the Taliban was very clear — “these restrictions present Afghan women and girls with a future that confines them in their own homes, violating their rights and depriving the communities of their services.”

She stressed that delivery of humanitarian aid is based on the principle requiring unhindered and safe access for all aid workers, including women.

“Our collective ambition is for a prosperous Afghanistan that is at peace with itself and its neighbors, and on a path to sustainable development. But right now, Afghanistan is isolating itself, in the midst of a terrible humanitarian crisis and one of the most vulnerable nations on earth to climate change,” she said.

During the trip that also included a visit to western Herat, Mohammed’s team also met humanitarian workers, civil society representatives and women in the three cities.

“Afghan women left us no doubt of their courage and refusal to be erased from public life,” Bahous, of UN Women, said in a statement. “They will continue to advocate and fight for their rights, and we are duty bound to support them in doing so.”

“What is happening in Afghanistan is a grave women’s right crisis and a wakeup call for the international community,” she said, stressing that the Taliban restrictions and edicts show “how quickly decades of progress on women´s rights can be reversed in a matter of days.”

Before arriving in Kabul, members of the delegation visited Muslim countries in the Middle East as well as Indonesia, Pakistan and Turkey. They met leaders of the 57-nation Organization of the Islamic Conference, the Islamic Development Bank and groups of Afghan women in Ankara, Turkey, and Islamabad, as well as a group of ambassadors and special envoys to Afghanistan based in Doha, the capital of Qatar.

“The need for a revitalized and realistic political pathway was consistently highlighted and all remained firm on the fundamental principles, including women’s and girls’ rights to education, work and public life in Afghanistan,” the U.N. said.

UN says Taliban divided on appeal to restore women’s rights
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