Former President Hamid Karzai, in an Eid al-Fitr greeting, stressed the need to reopen educational centers for girls and remove work restrictions on women, viewing closed schools and universities as major obstacles to national progress.
In a message posted on his official social media platform X, Karzai congratulated the arrival of Eid al-Fitr and called for the resumption of girls’ education along with the creation of job opportunities for women.
He emphasized that continued limitations on women’s education and employment pose a serious barrier to Afghanistan’s development. According to Karzai, only through science and knowledge can the nation’s youth free themselves from dependency and work toward self-sufficiency.
“The continued restrictions are a serious obstacle to the country’s development,” Karzai stated. “The sons and daughters of this land can only liberate the country from dependency and move toward self-reliance through education and knowledge.”
Since the political shifts in 2021, education beyond grade six for girls and many women’s employment opportunities have faced severe restrictions, drawing widespread domestic and international criticism.
Many political figures, including Karzai, have repeatedly highlighted the urgent need to lift these restrictions, arguing that empowering women through education and work is crucial for the country’s progress.
These calls for change underline the critical need for reforms in Afghanistan’s education and labor sectors to promote progress and gender equality.
As the nation moves forward, lifting these restrictions could pave the way for a more self-reliant and prosperous future for Afghanistan.
Hamid Karzai calls for lifting Education and Job Restrictions on Afghanistan’s women in Eid Message
Zabihullah Mujahid told TOLOnews that although efforts have been made by the Islamic Emirate toward recognition.
The spokesperson for the Islamic Emirate, Zabihullah Mujahid, stated that the caretaker government will take practical steps this solar year to revive diplomatic relations with other countries and gain international recognition.
Zabihullah Mujahid told TOLOnews that although efforts have been made by the Islamic Emirate toward recognition, it remains unclear whether countries around the world will recognize the caretaker government during this solar year.
The spokesperson for the Islamic Emirate also emphasized the role of the United Nations in restoring relations between the caretaker government and the international community, urging the organization to take initiatives in this regard.
“Still, it is their responsibility to take fundamental steps in restoring relations between Afghanistan and the world, especially the United Nations, and to value these ties. Afghanistan is an important country for the world and the UN, and the rights of the Afghan people are being undermined in this stance. They should have a better position,” Mujahid told TOLOnews.
Some political analysts believe that the Islamic Emirate must, in addition to safeguarding national interests, also address and respond to the concerns of regional and international countries to pave the way for recognition.
Forming an inclusive government, respecting human rights—especially the rights of women and girls—initiating national dialogue, and combating terrorism and drugs are among the conditions that analysts believe have prevented the Islamic Emirate from being recognized by the international community.
“It is regrettable that the international community has taken no action in the past three and a half years, and the lack of recognition of the Islamic Emirate has caused problems for the people,” said Abdul Sadeq Hamidzoy, a political analyst.
“The recognition of a country is a formal, political, and technical process based on international standards, through which the United Nations can assist developing countries,” said Sayed Ebadullah Sadeq, another political analyst.
Although more than three and a half years have passed since the Islamic Emirate returned to power in Afghanistan and diplomatic relations have been established with several countries including Iran, China, Turkey, Qatar, Uzbekistan, and some others, no country has yet officially recognized the Islamic Emirate.
Mujahid: Islamic Emirate Continues Efforts for Diplomatic Ties, Recognition
The 1404 academic year began on the first day of the month of Hamal (March 20), but the fate of girls’ education beyond sixth grade remains uncertain.
As the new academic year begins alongside Eid celebrations in Afghanistan, a number of female students have once again called on the Islamic Emirate to reopen secondary and high schools for girls.
These students emphasized the importance of education, stating that girls above the sixth grade and female university students should not be deprived of their right to learn.
Nabina, a 10th-grade student, said she spends her days doing housework to avoid falling into depression from being away from school. “A serious decision must be made about schools because this issue is tied to our future and it’s our right. Our Eid wish from the Islamic Emirate is that they urgently make a decision about girls’ schools,” she said.
Sheila, a student, said: “Education is the right of all girls in Afghanistan. A society can only progress when its girls are educated. That’s why we ask the Islamic Emirate to reopen all schools for all girls in Afghanistan.”
Meanwhile, former President Hamid Karzai, in a meeting with Roza Otunbayeva, head of the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan, described girls’ education as vital for the country’s future.
A statement from Karzai’s office read: “The former president considered girls’ education crucial for Afghanistan’s future and thanked the United Nations for its support in this regard.”
Zakiullah Mohammadi, a university professor, said: “Obstacles to our sisters’ education must be removed as soon as possible. Whatever barriers exist should be eliminated, and the ground should be prepared for secondary and higher education for our sisters in accordance with Islamic Sharia and Afghan culture.”
The 1404 academic year began on the first day of the month of Hamal (March 20), but the fate of girls’ education beyond sixth grade remains uncertain.
Eid Appeal: Let Girls Return to School, Say Afghan Students
Meanwhile, the Pakistani newspaper Dawn reported that the Rawalpindi police chief has issued orders to arrest and deport undocumented Afghan migrants.
The Associated Press has reported, based on a document it obtained, that the process of arresting and deporting Afghan migrants from Pakistan has been postponed for another ten days due to the Eid al-Fitr holidays.
Meanwhile, the Pakistani newspaper Dawn reported that the Rawalpindi police chief has issued orders to arrest and deport undocumented Afghan migrants.
According to Dawn, holders of POR (Proof of Registration) cards are allowed to stay in Pakistan until June 30, while holders of ACC (Afghan Citizen Cards) must voluntarily leave the country, otherwise, they will face forced deportation.
“The forced deportation of refugees from Pakistan should be reconsidered. Those who have lived in Pakistan for years deserve an alternative. Pakistan should adopt a new approach that benefits both Pakistan and Afghanistan,” said Nazar Nazari, a refugee rights activist.
“We urge the Pakistani government to change its decision regarding Afghans. Our sons are studying in Pakistan; their education will be disrupted,” said Gul Jamal, an Afghan migrant.
“According to Pakistan’s statements, pressure on migrants is increasing. Those with ACC cards are being returned to their country. This situation has caused anxiety among Afghan migrants who are very upset,” said Malik Awal Shinwari, another Afghan migrant in Pakistan.
However, the UNHCR representative in Pakistan Philippa Candler stated that the forced return of Afghan migrants is not a sustainable solution and benefits no one. She emphasized the need for a multilateral approach and called for joint efforts between the two countries to ensure voluntary repatriation.
Philippa Candler further added that many of those deported from Pakistan in 2023 have returned again.
The UNHCR representative also said: “Sustainable return means creating a peaceful and secure environment in Afghanistan, so refugees don’t have to fear persecution or discrimination when they go back. Afghanistan’s recovery must be supported, particularly in areas like education, healthcare, and jobs, so that refugees – especially women and girls – can reintegrate without facing even more challenges.”
“It’s Eid. People are worried and don’t know how to enjoy this occasion. A statement was published on the UNHCR website stating that Afghanistan and Pakistan should work together to find a solution for Afghan migrants,” said Ehsanullah Ahmadzai, another refugee rights activist.
Meanwhile, the acting minister of refugees and repatriation called on host countries to stop the forced deportation of Afghan migrants.
Mawlawi Abdul Kabir, the acting minister of refugees and repatriations, said: “We ask neighboring countries to prevent the forced expulsion of migrants. It is our responsibility to return all Afghan migrants and internally displaced persons to their original areas.”
Earlier, Amnesty International also called for the immediate cancellation of the forced deportation plan of Afghan migrants from Pakistan.
The Taliban released an American citizen, Faye Hall, who was detained in Afghanistan, a former U.S. ambassador said Saturday.
Hall “is now in the care of our friends, the Qataris in Kabul, and will soon be on her way home,” wrote Zalmay Khalilzad, who was a U.S. special representative for Afghanistan reconciliation until 2021 and the former U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan and Iraq.
Hall is the fourth U.S. citizen known to be released by the Taliban this year.
“Thank you for bringing me home, and I’ve never been so proud to be an American citizen,” Hall said in a video celebrating her release, posted by President Donald Trump on Truth Social.
“I just want you to know, all the women in the Afghan jail, they always ask me, ‘When is Trump coming?’” Hall said in the video, addressing Trump. “They are waiting for you to come and set them free. … Don’t want to forget all those women who are still in jail and don’t have any rights,” she added.
The State Department did not respond immediately to a request for comment.
Earlier this month, Khalilzad announced the release of another American citizen, George Glezmann, who worked as a Delta Air Lines mechanic and had been detained for two years for unknown reasons. Khalilzad called Glezmann’s release a “goodwill gesture” from the Taliban to Trump and the American people and praised Trump for making “the freedom and homecoming of Americans held abroad a high priority.”
In January, President Joe Biden secured the release of two other Americans, Ryan Corbett and William W. McKenty III, who were let go as the Taliban announced a prisoner swap between the U.S. and Afghanistan and after what Sen. Jeanne Shaheen (New Hampshire), the ranking Democrat on the Foreign Relations Committee, called “intense behind-the-scenes efforts by U.S. officials.”
The Taliban at the time identified one freed Afghan prisoner, Khan Mohammed, who it said was arrested in the Afghan province of Nangarhar nearly two decades ago and was serving a life sentence in California.
Corbett, a father from New York, ran a social enterprise organization that worked with NGOs to help Afghan citizens start their own businesses. He was detained by the Taliban for nearly two and a half years, according to his family, who say they suspect he was taken into custody to be used as political leverage.
Last year, members of Congress called for the release of U.S. citizen and civil aviation engineer Mahmood Habibi, who they said “was wrongfully detained by the Taliban.” In a House resolution, officials said Habibi was arrested in August 2022 because the Taliban “made an assumption” that his employer — a Kabul-based telecommunications company — “might have been involved” in a U.S. dronestrike on Kabul that killed an al-Qaeda leader.
Habibi has yet to be released. In August, the FBI made a public request for any further information about his disappearance.
Taliban releases American woman detained in Afghanistan
Under a draconian policy, the Pakistan government has pledged to deport millions of Afghan nationals, after relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan severely deteriorated and attacks by militants in the border areas surged.
Pakistan government ministers have accused Afghans of being “terrorists” and “traitors” who are fuelling crime and militancy in the country.
Pakistan began deportations of Afghan refugees in September 2023. According to a recent report by Amnesty International, so far at least 844,499 Afghan nationals have been forcibly deported back to Afghanistan where they are at “real risk of persecution by the Taliban”.Among those facing the threat of returning to Taliban-ruled Afghanistan are 60 female activists and human rights defenders, who fled persecution after they spoke out for women’s rights and education or attended protests. Many have been forced into hiding in recent weeks, as police have been going door-to-door in the cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, arbitrarily arresting any Afghans and allegedly demanding huge bribes.
Humaira Alim worked as a women’s rights and education activist in Afghanistan for seven years before the Taliban came back to power in 2021. After women were deprived of the right to work and then attend university under the group’s strict Islamic rule, she was among a group of women who defied the Taliban and helped organise protests on the streets.
But after facing “dire warnings” and then direct threats to her life from the Taliban for her activism when pregnant with her first child, Alim said she had “no choice” but to flee over the border to Pakistan in December 2022.
She has stayed in Islamabad ever since, living with her two young children on a visa that has been given monthly. Alim described her situation as an “awful nightmare”, as all Afghan nationals – even those who had lived in Pakistan for decades – were now facing routine persecution and harassment from the police. She and her children were recently forced to hide on the roof of their home as officers came looking for them.
“If they send me back to Afghanistan, it only means death,” she said. “The Taliban have records on me and my activism. There is no place for women like me. They only arrest and torture us. I can’t go back there with my children.”
Alim said she knew dozens of other Afghan women like her, who had worked as activists, lawyers and human rights defenders and faced harassment or torture at the hands of the Taliban, who were now in hiding in Pakistan.
Liliana Harrington, senior campaigner for Avaaz, an organisation that has been advocating for the women, said: “Deporting these people to the Taliban is a death sentence. Pakistan would not only abandon these brave people to their oppressors but also abandon its proud legacy of protecting vulnerable Afghans.”
The Pakistan government has given all undocumented Afghan nationals a deadline of 31 March to leave the country, otherwise they will be arrested. Alim said she and other female activists were just asking for more time, to find a third country who might be able to offer them asylum. Currently, they are waiting to see if they get an offer from Brazil or if other countries will offer them a safe haven.
The widespread expulsion drew condemnation from Isabelle Lassee, Amnesty’s deputy regional director for south Asia. “The Pakistani authorities are violating the rights of Afghan refugees with impunity, subjecting them to arbitrary decisions that are shrouded in secrecy, totally lacking transparency and accountability,” she said.
‘It means death’: Afghan women’s rights activists face deportation from Pakistan
“There is no need for laws that originate from the West. We will create our own laws,” Akhundzada said, speaking in Pashto, while emphasizing the importance of Islamic laws.
The Taliban’s interpretation of sharia has led to bans on Afghan women and girls, who have been excluded them from education, many jobs and most public spaces. Such measures have isolated the Taliban on the world stage, although they have established diplomatic ties with countries including China and the United Arab Emirates.
Akhundzada has taken a stronger hand in directing policy since the Taliban seized control of the country in 2021, despite some officials initially promising a more moderate rule.
Akhundzada on Sunday criticized the West, saying non-believers had united against Muslims and that the U.S. and others were united in their hostility toward Islam, citing the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza.
Democracy had come to an end in Afghanistan and sharia was in effect, he said, adding that supporters of democracy were trying to separate the people from the Taliban government.
The Taliban have no credible opposition inside or outside the country, but some senior figures within the administration have criticized the leadership’s decision-making process and concentration of power in Akhundzada’s circle.
Some Taliban want greater engagement with the international community and scrapping harsher policies to attract more outside support. In recent months, however, there has been increased engagement between the Taliban and the U.S. under President Donald Trump, mostly because of prisoner exchanges and releases.
The Taliban leader says there is no need for Western laws in Afghanistan
Teenage musicians Yasemin, Zakia and Shukriya and Uzra, just 7, fled the repression of women in Afghanistan. Will a Trump order and Pakistan send them back?
Islamabad, Pakistan – On a pleasant February afternoon in Pakistan’s capital, Islamabad, the sound of strumming guitars fills a small bedroom in a two-storey home that houses tenants from neighbouring Afghanistan.
A flight of slippery marble stairs leads to the room on the first floor, where the bright rays of the sun enter through the window and bounce off the musical instruments, which belong to four young guitarists.
These guitarists – 18-year-old Yasemin aka Jellybean, 16-year-old Zakia, 14-year-old Shukriya, and seven-year-old Uzra – are Afghan refugees who, with their families, fled the country after the Taliban returned to power in August 2021.
Yasemin and Uzra are sisters, as are Zakiya and Shukriya. This is where Yasemin and Uzra are now living with their family.
The bedroom is where the girls spend hours at a stretch practicing and jamming from Saturday to Thursday. Friday is their weekly day off.
On the day Al Jazeera visits, the girls are busy tuning their guitars. They tease one another as they strum squeaky, off-key chords in between.
Dressed in a grey sweatshirt, her head covered with a black scarf, Yasemin is the group’s lead guitarist and a fan of Blues legend BB King and Pink Floyd’s David Gilmour. “I really want to see and produce music with him,” says Yasemin on her dream to meet Gilmour, before crooning a track by King.
As she tunes her sturdy wooden guitar with her dependable red pick, Yasemin turns towards her bandmates and guides them in adjusting theirs.
The girls learned to play the guitar at Miraculous Love Kids, a music school for children in Kabul set up in 2016 by Lanny Cordola, a rock musician from California. The girls, whose first language is Dari, also learned to speak basic English from Cordola in Kabul, where they attended regular school as well.
Their world was turned upside down when the Taliban re-took power on August 15, 2021, after 20 years. The girls were afraid to step outside their homes following a spate of restrictions imposed on women. Cordola, who left Kabul for Islamabad the day the Taliban returned to power, began hatching plans to pluck his students and their families out of Afghanistan so the girls could continue to pursue their music dreams.
After months of lobbying donors for funding and negotiating with agents who promised to help the families escape, Cordola finally managed to get seven of his students out, to Islamabad, in April 2022. Even as he continued to teach them there, Cordola worked towards eventually resettling them and their families in the United States, which had announced a programme to take in Afghan allies and refugees who wanted to flee Taliban rule.
Three of the seven girls were relocated to the US over the past few months. Yasemin, Zakia, Shukriya and Uzra – and their families – were supposed to fly on February 5.
“It felt like we had everything in place. They [the US government] did all their medical tests, vetting, screening and interviews. We had the date,” says Cordola.
Then Donald Trump took office.
Almost immediately, Trump issued a series of executive orders, including one that suspended all refugee programmes for 90 days. “Now, it is all new again,” Cordola says, adding that the “devastating” move has postponed the relocation plans “indefinitely”.
But things would get even worse.
On March 7, the Pakistani government announced its own plans to deport all Afghan nationals, even those with proper documentation, back to their country by June 30.
For those Afghan refugees hoping to relocate to a Western country – like Yasemin, Zakia, Shukriya and Uzra – the deadline to leave Pakistan is even more imminent: Islamabad has said it will begin deporting them on April 1.
‘Girl with a guitar’
To gather at Yasemin and Uzra’s house for practice, Cordola picks Zakia and Shukirya up in a van from their home a few blocks away.
“We practise for about three to four hours,” says Cordola.
In a floral lilac dress and a white headscarf, Zakia’s slender fingers hit the chords on her guitar, which bears her initial, Z. She taps her feet to match the rhythm – Chris Martin of Coldplay is her favourite musician.
Her younger sister, Shukriya, sporting a double braid with two strands of hair resting on her rosy cheeks, is fond of American musician Dave Matthews, but also has a soft spot for South Korean band BTS and its singer, RM.
“RM is my favourite. I like his dancing and rapping… it’s beautiful,” says Shukriya, as her teacher, Cordola, shakes his head in disbelief – and gentle disapproval.
Uzra, Yasemin’s younger sister, wears a lime-coloured sport watch on her left wrist, a sequinned teddy bear sweatshirt and black, patterned trousers, as she grips her smaller guitar. She struggles to climb on to the chair, then breaks into soft, husky vocals. “She is a normal seven-year-old in a lot of ways. But when she is in the studio, she is very, very focused. I can’t joke with her when she is in there,” says Cordola about his youngest student.
Then Cordola joins them in the jam session, strumming his black guitar. The girls nod in tandem and break into “Girl with a Guitar”, their own original, instrumental song.
Practice ends at 1pm, and the girls go about the rest of their day – having lunch, praying, helping their mothers with chores and spending time with their families.
Uzra, Yasemin says, is friends with the neighbours’ child, and always finds ways to step out of the house to play with her. Almost on cue, the little guitarist dashes out of the room.
Turning ‘Unstoppable’
On days when the girls manage to find some leisure time for themselves while the sun is still out, they and their siblings visit Islamabad’s parks and amusement spaces with their teacher.
Cordola picks them up in his white Suzuki high roof, and they head out to the popular picnic spot Daman-e-Koh in the Margalla Hills or a tourist favourite, Pakistan Monument on the Shakarparian Hills.
The green F-9 Park is also a favourite. There, Zakia sits on its fresh, dewy grass while Uzra enjoys swaying to and fro on the swings. Shukriya is dreaming of visiting a nearby food street, where she’s hoping for a treat – pani puri, soup, ice cream and the classic samosa. Yasemin says she’s a fan of rice and loves eating daal chawal (lentils with rice). To Zakia, chicken biryani and pani puri are the best food that Pakistan has to offer.
But music is what makes the girls happiest – and is what made it possible for them to connect with multiple Grammy-nominated Australian singer and songwriter Sia.
After they recorded a rendition of her female empowerment anthem, Unstoppable, in 2024, the Aussie vocalist sent the girls a special message praising their talent.
“Thank you so much for singing ‘Unstoppable’ and for your support. I love you so much. I love you so much. I really feel for what you’re going through,” she said in a video message to the girls.
The video of Sia’s track is shot with the girls singing against the backdrop of lush green parks and atop the Shakarparian Hills. The music was recorded at the studio of Pakistani record producer Sarmad Ghafoor, a friend of Cordola’s. The song was released on March 18.
At the time they recorded the song, three girls from Cordola’s Kabul school who have now moved to the US were also with Yasemin, Zakia, Shukriya and Uzra in Islamabad.
“We had to change our costumes in between the shoot and it was challenging to do it at the locations, but we managed to do it by covering up for each other and also having fun the whole time,” recalls Shukriya.
When Sia reacted to their performance in a video message for them, the girls couldn’t believe it.
“She is someone who didn’t need to make a video for us, but she did. She is a really kind and inspirational woman,” says Yasemin. “She spoke with her heart and gave us a lot of hope. Sometimes we lose hope and think that we won’t be able to do what we want to do in life. But her powerful words really inspired and motivated us.”
Selling candy to strumming a guitar
Nothing about Yasemin’s life today resembles what it did seven years ago, when she first met Cordola.
At his school, Cordola “wanted to focus on girls’ education and rights”, he says. “It’s education through the arts.” He convinced the parents of several children who worked on the streets, especially those of girls, to allow them at his music school.
He first met Yasemin at a park where she sold candy and chewing gum, while her father washed cars nearby.
“I was 11 years old when I first met Mr Lanny in 2017,” Yasemin recalls. “I first saw Mr Lanny in the park with a lot of children. At the time, I did not talk to him because I was very shy and also afraid of seeing people gathered in one place. The fear of an explosion in such a space was always in my mind.”
Eventually, Cordola reached out to her through another girl, gave her 150 Afghanis ($2.11) and asked her to visit the music school with her father. “I was hesitant at first, but a friend named Yalda was already going to the school, so I went to Miraculous with her. When I held the guitar for the first time there, it felt zabardast (awesome),” she recalls.
Yasemin’s father initially didn’t want her to join the music school, worried about how it would be viewed in the conservative Afghan society. “But later when he got familiar with Mr Lanny, he agreed to it,” she says.
Cordola recalls that Yasemin’s father gave in when he learned that his daughter would not need to work in the park any more. “I gave a monthly stipend to the children who did well at the school,” he says.
Fauzia, Yasemin and Uzra’s mother, was happy when her daughter began studying music. “I felt good because [through the guitar] she [Yasemin] wanted to depend on herself for her future. Now, I feel proud that she is not only doing this for herself but also for those who need support.”
She was nicknamed Jellybean by Cordola after being confused with another girl with the same name at the Kabul school. “When Mr Lanny called our name ‘Yasemin’, both of us would respond to him. This caused a lot of confusion,” she chuckles.
In the same neighbourhood in which Yasemin and her father worked, Zakia and her father used to sell sunflower seeds. Cordola gave Zakia a visiting card and told her to visit the music school with her father, 52-year-old Muhammad Sabir.
“The next day, I went there with my father to Miraculous. There, I saw the guitars and other girls playing it. I really liked it. Initially, my mother didn’t allow me because she was sceptical and scared about Mr Lanny. But I insisted on trying my luck. After I went there, I began practising the guitar and drawing, and never went back to the hill to work again,” says Zakia.
Shukriya, who first visited the school with her elder sibling out of curiosity, was so fascinated by the guitars that she too soon joined Cordola’s growing class.
Their father, Cordola recalls, was excited at the idea of sending his daughters to his music school. “Zakia’s father was smiling when I first met him. He asked, ‘Can we come now?’ But I told him to come the next day. He came the next day and said, ‘this is great.’”
A tall Sabir smiles as he recalls that time. Sitting at his residence in Islamabad, he says he was “happy for the children and supported them to play the guitar”.
“I liked music myself before I even met Mr Lanny,” says Sabir. “When the opportunity came, I didn’t want my daughters to lose it. It was for their better future.”
It all changed with the Taliban’s return.
Suddenly, the girls were afraid to leave their homes following a spate of restrictions imposed on women. “When the situation in Afghanistan worsened, I told the girls not to use it (the guitar). The Taliban don’t allow music and consider it haram (forbidden). I hid Shukriya’s small guitar and broke Zakia’s because it was bigger,” says Sabir.
Yasemin recalls one time when she stepped out to go to the bazaar.
“I wasn’t wearing a mask and the Taliban pointed a gun at me asking me to wear it right there and then,” she says, referring to a face veil. “It was really hard, especially for women in Afghanistan.”
Cordola, meanwhile, worked with donors to raise money to get passports made for the families of his students, and to hire guides to bring them to the border – and then across into Pakistan.
After many false starts, the seven girls and their families finally made it to Pakistan in April 2022. Today, Cordola funds their rent, expenses – and the girls’ guitars – through donations.
But all of those efforts now appear at risk.
In recent years, Pakistan has stepped up its deportation of Afghan refugees – some of whom have spent most or all of their lives in Pakistan.
Pakistan deported 842,429 Afghan refugees, per the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), between September 2023 and February 2025.
According to Pakistan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, about 40,000 Afghans in Pakistan await resettlement after “almost 80,000” were welcomed by different countries. At least 10,000 to 15,000 among the refugees still in Pakistan were cleared for resettlement in the US, according to #AfghanEvac, a coalition of US veterans and advocacy groups, before Trump blocked their move.
Philippa Candler, the country representative of the UNHCR, in a statement said: “Forced return to Afghanistan could place some people at increased risk. We urge Pakistan to continue to provide safety to Afghans at risk, irrespective of their documentation status.”
Shawn VanDiver, who heads #AfghanEvac, stresses the need for the US government to fulfil its promises. “Our national commitments cannot be conditional and temporary. Countries around the world are never going to trust the word of the US if our presidents can’t be counted on to carry out the commitments they have made,” he says. “This is just outrageous.”
He also has an appeal to the government of Pakistan.
“The 90-day mark [when Trump’s pause on refugee resettlement ends] is around April, so we would like Pakistan to give them [Afghans] a little bit of extra time. We hope they will but we haven’t gotten any positive indications through action, only words. All the action we’re seeing is negative,” says VanDiver.
“If nothing changes these people [Afghans] are in real trouble.”
Asmat Ullah Shah, the Pakistan government’s chief commissioner for Afghan refugees in Islamabad, says Afghan nationals awaiting resettlement hold no legal status as per Pakistani law.
But, he insists, authorities have not taken any action against them because embassies and international organisations have committed to moving them to other countries.
“When problems began to increase, affecting Pakistan’s security, a timeframe was set for these embassies to fulfil their commitments and ensure resettlement. But, some have evaded their promises,” he says.
While a court has given relief until the end of June to some Afghan refugees in Pakistan, that doesn’t cover the four guitarist girls and their families, who don’t have the documentation needed for that temporary reprieve.
Saeed Husain, a founding member of the Joint Action Committee for Refugees (JAC-R), an advocacy platform for Afghan refugees in Pakistan, blames the crisis on Western countries that had promised to take in Afghan refugees but haven’t processed applications of those still in limbo in countries like Pakistan.
“Their lives have been on pause for the last four years. They haven’t been able to get an education or find jobs,” he says, adding that Pakistan’s move to now send these refugees “back to Afghanistan is essentially giving them a death sentence”.
A letter to Trump
When they learned about Trump’s pause on refugee entries, and then Pakistan’s plans to deport Afghans, the girls say they couldn’t believe the news.
“We had been disappointed many times after getting hopes of going abroad. We’d be waiting to hear good news, but would then find out that it can’t happen,” Yasemin says. “But the recent news was still very shocking to us.”
The girls and their families know that going back to Afghanistan would likely mean giving up on music for good.
Zakia says she wants to become a professional guitarist. She’s still sad about her father breaking her earlier guitar out of fear it would be found by the Taliban. “That night was very hard for me. I cried a lot,” she says. But after arriving in Pakistan, all the girls received new guitars from their teacher.
Meanwhile, Shukriya misses going to the music school back home. “I miss the time in Kabul when we played together, talked (to our friends) after practice and ate together,” she says, recalling what she knows she won’t be able to relive if she were to return to Kabul now.
But Cordola and the girls refuse to give up.
The teacher has been reaching out to musicians and people with contacts in the US government to make the relocation possible.
“I am sending out messages to people who can perhaps contact the upper echelons in the American government. The girls have collaborated with some of the most well-known musicians in the US and UK. We are not looking for extra favours, but to get them opportunities,” he says.
Cordola says he has also written an open letter to Trump on behalf of the young musicians, urging the US president to allow them into the country.
In his letter, the musician wrote that if the girls are denied the chance to resettle to the US, they will be deported back to Afghanistan, where they will be at risk of being subjected to “imprisonment, and even punishment by death”.
“They are ready to assimilate and contribute. They are not there to take. They want to be a part of the American dream,” he says. “We are willing to go and play a little concert for President Trump if he would be interested.”
The girls, Cordola adds, could also be relocated to other countries that are “willing to welcome them and provide legal and safe residence”, adding that a leading advocate for female Afghan musicians is interested in relocating them to Northern Ireland’s Belfast, a UNESCO-recognised city for its music.
Most of all, the girls just want to stay together – in whichever part of the world will have them.
“When I’m out of here, it is my dream for all the girls to come together and stand strong on our feet. I can’t do it alone. When all of us girls come together with Mr Lanny at the same place, we will do something,” says Yasemin.
Fauzia, Yasemin and Uzra’s mother, says she is grateful to Pakistan for hosting them. But she knows that the family’s future hinges on Western governments giving them sanctuary soon. “Our lives were at risk in Afghanistan and even in Pakistan there is no peace. Whether it is the US or any other government, we request help for those whose lives are in danger,” she says.
Until then, the girls have their guitars, their music and their dreams to live with.
“Whenever I’m sad, I hold my guitar and forget all of the sadness,” says Yasemin. “It has changed my life.”
Source: Al Jazeera
Four Afghan girl guitarists escaped the Taliban. Will they be forced back?
Students at the American University of Afghanistan in Qatar fear having to return to their Taliban-ruled homeland after aid and visa cutoffs by the Trump administration.
When she finds it hard to focus, Nilab jots down her worries on slips of paper and pins them to her wall, a strategy she picked up in a seminar on mental health at the American University of Afghanistan in Kabul.
She makes a mental note to deal with the issues at a scheduled time and then gets back to studying. That kept her sane when the U.S.-backed Afghan government was overthrown in 2021, when the Taliban made it illegal for women to receive an education and when she left in July 2023 to study at the university’s campus-in-exile in Qatar.
Now, in Nilab’s dorm room in Doha, the little notes are stacking up. The Trump administration’s shutdown of foreign aid and refugee admissions has left her terrified that she will be forced to return to Afghanistan.
There, she would be alone and deprived of any rights as a woman. Her hard-earned American-style education would be all but worthless.
She imagines the worst. “How can girls go back to Afghanistan?” said Nilab, 30, who asked that only her first name be used to protect her identity. “What will happen to us? Rape, forced marriage and death.”
On Jan. 20, just as Nilab was planning her final project for her cybersecurity degree, President Trump signed an executive order suspending refugee resettlement. The U.S. government had promised refugee status for her and her classmates, but Nilab’s hopes of rejoining her family, who received asylum in the United States after the Taliban took over, were shattered.
A month later, her university lost most of its funding when Mr. Trump dismantled American foreign aid programs, to reorient spending in line with the administration’s foreign policy goals. Funding was partly restored on March 16, the university’s leadership said, but only enough to operate into June. If the university closes, students will lose their housing, cafeteria meal plans and Qatari student visas.
A third thunderbolt came on March 15, with word that Mr. Trump was considering putting Afghanistan on a list of countries whose citizens would be barred from entering the United States. Nilab does not know when she will ever see her family again, much less resettle with them.
As she and other Afghan students find their lives thrown into chaos, they are caught between the infinite possibilities promised by a university education and a crushing sense that there are no doors left to open.
“I thought this long journey was finished,” she said. “I was wrong.”
With midterms approaching, Nilab has little time for her concerns. She has a presentation on arrays and algorithms due soon.
So she writes down her fears and pins them to her bulletin board.
Piece of America
The American University of Afghanistan was established in 2006 as a coed liberal arts college, with instruction in English. It was designed to educate the next generation of Afghan leaders and innovators, imbued with Western ideals of justice, freedom and democracy. Students called their campus “Little America.”
The U.S. government has invested more than $100 million in the university, and until last month, funding from the United States Agency for International Development, or U.S.A.I.D., covered more than half of its operating costs.
(The agency has also provided scholarships for more than 100 Afghan women — including Nilab’s sister — to study at universities in Oman and Qatar, among them the American University, and those students face a similar budget freeze.)
When the American military hastily withdrew from the country in August 2021 and the Taliban returned to power, the American University was an obvious target. Militants rampaged through its buildings, scrawling graffiti that derided students as “U.S.-trained infidel spies” and “wolves in sheep’s skin.”
Administrators worked to get more than 1,000 students out of the country as quickly as possible. Nearly 700 were evacuated to sister universities in Iraq, Kyrgyzstan and the United States.
The government of Qatar agreed to host a temporary campus-in-exile. One hundred students arrived for the term starting in August 2022, and another 100 — Nilab’s group — landed a year later.
Most of the students eventually left for the United States on so-called Priority 1 visas. When Mr. Trump took office in January, the remaining 35 were waiting for
They now wander the near-empty halls of their temporary campus in a stunned daze, not knowing what will happen next.
“We thought all our traumas were finally coming to an end, so we could start to breathe again,” said Waheeda Babakarkhail, 23, a programmer who dreams of working as a white hat hacker, testing computer programs for security flaws.
“I had accepted that I couldn’t stay in Afghanistan,” she said, “but now even the future I thought I would have has been lost.”
Aspirations have been derailed across the campus. Abbas Ahmadzai, 24, a business major, had a job in event management lined up in New York. Faisel Popalzai, 23, was hoping to get a job at Microsoft. He developed an A.I.-assisted computer program that can identify potentially fraudulent financial transactions. The app, called Hawks.Ai, won the Microsoft Hackathon last year in Doha.
If pathways to the United States are cut, Mr. Popalzai said, the country will lose a valuable investment: “our minds, paid for by the American people.”
Sense of Dread
If the university is forced to close in June, the students face an alarming prospect.
They will lose their student visas and their right to stay in Qatar within weeks. If they cannot find a Qatari employer to sponsor them, or obtain a job or scholarship offer in another country, they will have to return to Afghanistan.
They are keenly aware that “the way we were educated is in contradiction to everything the Taliban represent,” said Hashmatullah Rahimi, 24, a business major. “We were taught to speak freely, to be independent. Not a single person in the Taliban government wants that.”
The university’s administrators say there has been no documented persecution of its graduates since the Taliban takeover. But students fear they would be viewed as a threat.
“If we go back,” Mr. Popalzai said, “they will label us as spies, sent to infect Afghans against the Taliban with our American ideology.”
For female students, the risks are obvious. The Taliban have banned education for women and girls after sixth grade and barred women from most forms of employment. They cannot travel without a male relative, they are required to cover their faces outside the home, and their voices must not be heard in public.
“Maybe we won’t be killed if we go back,” said Rawina Amiri, 24, a business major who dreams of becoming a professional volleyball player.
“Does that mean we should accept having our rights violated?” she added. “We have the right to learn, to contribute, to work. Do people in the United States expect us to give up those rights because the Americans promised us a visa, then changed their mind?”
Nilab remains in limbo in the U.S. visa process. On Tuesday, a U.S. Court of Appeals panel ruled that the Trump administration must admit thousands of people granted refugee status before Jan. 20, which could include several of the university’s students. But the ruling is preliminary and could be reversed.
What has really thrown Nilab for a loop is the potential for Afghans to be included in a travel ban.
She has not seen her parents and younger siblings since they moved to Northern Virginia. They were granted asylum because her parents had worked for the U.S. government in Afghanistan. But because she was an adult, she was not eligible to join them.
Nilab tries to hold on to hope, relying on the coping skills she picked up as a freshman four years ago. She is applying for scholarships in Europe even as she studies for her exams.
“The Quran says that when one door is shut, another opens,” she said. “But if you don’t knock, the doors won’t open.”
‘They Will Label Us as Spies’: The Afghan Students Abandoned by America
Canadian citizens born in Afghanistan and Iran are facing U.S. entry bans due to stricter border policies under Trump’s administration.
According to the Canadian newspaper The Globe and Mail, some Canadian citizens born in Iran and Afghanistan have faced denial of entry to the United States after undergoing intense questioning at the border. This development is linked to the stricter immigration policies introduced by the Trump administration.
Immigration lawyers and consultants have voiced concerns over these incidents, urging the Canadian government to issue a travel advisory. They warn that Canadian citizens may face not only entry bans but also the cancellation of visas, Nexus cards, and potential detentions or deportations when attempting to enter the U.S.
The increased scrutiny at the U.S. border comes after President Donald Trump signed an executive order on January 20, which enforces tighter examination of foreign nationals. Although official statistics on the number of Canadian citizens denied entry are not yet available, lawyers confirmed that the frequency of these incidents has risen since the executive order was signed.
According to the The New York Times and Reuters reported, cited their sources, that the Trump administration is considering expanding travel restrictions on citizens from several countries, including Iran. If this policy is implemented, citizens from specific countries could be entirely banned from entering the United States.
A proposed list prepared by U.S. diplomatic and security officials divides countries into three categories based on the severity of the travel restrictions. The “Red List” includes 11 countries, such as Iran, Afghanistan, and Syria, whose citizens could face a complete ban from entering the U.S.
Countries on the “Orange List,” such as Belarus, Eritrea, and Russia, would face severe travel restrictions, though entry would not be fully prohibited. For citizens from these countries, obtaining visas or other permits might become more difficult, and a personal interview would likely be required.
The “Yellow List” consists of 22 countries, including Angola, Mali, and Zimbabwe. These nations will be given 60 days to address any deficiencies in their travel documentation and procedures. If the issues are not corrected, these countries may be moved to the “Red” or “Orange” categories.
Legal experts such as Melissa Bibel and Yamina Ansari have confirmed that even Canadian residents, whether temporary or permanent, are not immune to these restrictions. Both lawyers stress that Canadian travelers, particularly those with ties to the countries listed, should be aware of the potential consequences when attempting to enter the U.S.
The heightened border scrutiny between Canada and the U.S. is a significant development for travelers, particularly those with origins in specific countries like Iran and Afghanistan. Canadian citizens and residents may now face more challenges when crossing the U.S. border, making it crucial to stay informed about the latest restrictions and travel advisories.
US denies entry to Canadian citizens born in Afghanistan and Iran