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Afghanistan says it thwarted Pakistan airstrikes on Bagram airbase

March 2, 2026

Guardian staff and agencies

Sun 1 Mar 2026

Afghanistan has said it had thwarted Pakistan’s attempted airstrikes on Bagram airbase, the former US military base north of Kabul, as cross-border fighting between the two countries stretched into a fourth day.

Months of clashes have flared up again since Thursday, when Afghanistan launched attacks along the frontier and Pakistani forces hit back on the border and from the skies. Pakistan has declared it is in “open war” with Afghanistan.

On Sunday, the police headquarters of Parwan province, where Bagram is located, said in a statement that several Pakistani military jets entered Afghan airspace “and attempted to bomb Bagram airbase” at about 5am.

The statement said Afghan forces responded with “anti-aircraft and missile defence systems” and had managed to thwart the attack. There was no immediate response to the claim from Pakistan.

Diplomatic efforts have failed to secure a truce, with Saudi Arabia and Qatar among those engaged in efforts to halt the fighting.

The conflict has alarmed the international community, particularly as the area is one where other militant groups, including al-Qaida and Islamic State, still have a presence and have been trying to resurface.

Islamabad has accused Afghanistan of failing to act against militant groups that have been carrying out attacks in Pakistan, which the Taliban government has rejected.

Many attacks have been claimed by the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), a militant group that has stepped up assaults in Pakistan since 2021, the year the Taliban authorities returned to power in Kabul.

Pakistan acknowledged bombing key cities on Friday – including Kabul and Kandahar, which is home to Afghanistan’s supreme leader.

There was an increased presence of security forces in Kabul on Sunday, with more checkpoints than usual in the city centre.

The Taliban government’s deputy spokesperson, Hamdullah Fitrat, said Pakistani fire had killed 36 civilians across multiple provinces since Thursday, which Islamabad has not commented on.Multiple residents in Afghanistan’s Khost and Nangarhar provinces told AFP that the two sides were engaged in sporadic clashes on Sunday afternoon.

At Torkham border crossing – a key gateway for Afghans returning from Pakistan – overnight fighting was reported by the Nangarhar province information department.

The spokesperson for a military unit reported heavy fighting overnight in Paktia province. Afghan officials said Thursday’s border offensive was a response to earlier airstrikes that killed civilians, which Pakistan said targeted militants.

This week’s escalation marked the first time that Pakistan has focused its airstrikes on Afghan government facilities, analysts noted, a stark change from previous operations that it said targeted militants.

Pakistan’s information minister, Attaullah Tarar, said 46 locations across Afghanistan had been hit by airstrikes since its operation began. Pakistan has killed 415 Afghan soldiers, the minister said. Islamabad said earlier that 12 of its soldiers had been killed.

Fitrat said more than 80 Pakistani soldiers were killed and 27 military posts captured. The Afghan government earlier put the death toll among its troops at 13.

Casualty claims from both sides are difficult to verify independently.

Associated Press and Agence France-Presse contributed to this report

Afghanistan says it thwarted Pakistan airstrikes on Bagram airbase
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Hundreds of Afghan Migrants Arrested in Pakistan Amid Rising Tensions

March 2, 2026
Khaama Press

Pakistani media outlets have reported that police have detained hundreds of Afghan migrants following escalating tensions and clashes with the Taliban.

According to a report by Dawn, a local court in Peshawar on Sunday sent hundreds of Afghan nationals into judicial custody. The detainees had been arrested a day earlier from different parts of the city.

The newspaper described chaotic scenes at the multi-story judicial complex located along Khyber Road, where police transported groups of detained Afghans from various precincts throughout the morning.

Due to the high number of detainees, accommodating all of them within the court premises proved difficult, the report added.

The Peshawar court also ordered the release of hundreds of Afghan nationals who possessed valid visas or other legal residency documents, directing authorities to free them from police custody.

In a separate development, police in Kohat district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa arrested 174 Afghan asylum seekers and transferred them to prison after registering cases against them.

Pakistan has hosted millions of Afghan refugees for decades, particularly since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 and subsequent conflicts. However, relations have grown increasingly strained in recent years over security concerns and cross-border militancy.

Islamabad has repeatedly accused the Taliban-led authorities in Kabul of failing to curb militant activities targeting Pakistan, prompting stricter immigration enforcement and deportation campaigns against undocumented Afghans.

Authorities have intensified crackdowns on undocumented Afghan migrants following renewed tensions with the Taliban. Reports indicate that house-to-house searches are being conducted in several cities, leading to further arrests and detentions.

Hundreds of Afghan Migrants Arrested in Pakistan Amid Rising Tensions
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Naeem Wardak Claims Fighters Crossed Durand Line Into Pakistan, Clashes Ongoing

March 2, 2026
Khaama Press

Mohammad Naeem Wardak, the Taliban’s deputy minister for finance and administration at the foreign ministry, claimed that Taliban forces have crossed the Durand Line and are engaged in “intense fighting” inside Pakistani territory. He made the statement in a post on X.

Wardak alleged that the clashes are currently taking place at Pakistani military bases across the border. He further claimed that if the conflict continues and Taliban forces choose to escalate, they could make significant advances inside Pakistan.

Pakistani authorities have not officially responded to Wardak’s claims. The statements come as cross-border fighting and reported Pakistani airstrikes inside Afghanistan enter a fourth consecutive day.

According to reports, Pakistani fighter jets and drones have targeted multiple locations, including Kabul, Taliban military centers, and Bagram Airfield. The scale of damage has not been independently verified.

The Taliban claim that 32 Pakistani soldiers were killed during Saturday night clashes and that several border posts were seized. However, Pakistan’s Information Minister Attaullah Tarar said Pakistani forces struck 46 targets inside Afghanistan, killing 415 Taliban members and wounding 580 others.

Tarar also claimed that 182 Taliban posts were destroyed and 31 were captured by Pakistani forces, along with the destruction of 185 tanks and military vehicles. These figures remain unverified by independent sources.

Border tensions between Pakistan and the Taliban-led Afghanistan administration have escalated sharply in recent days, with both sides accusing each other of aggression and cross-border attacks.

The Durand Line has long been a sensitive and disputed boundary, contributing to recurring security clashes between the two neighbors.

Conflicting claims and casualty figures have circulated widely on social media platforms, though independent confirmation of battlefield developments remains limited.

Naeem Wardak Claims Fighters Crossed Durand Line Into Pakistan, Clashes Ongoing
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Four Pakistani Military Bases Seized in Cross-Border Clashes: Defense Ministry

March 2, 2026
Khaama Press

Four Pakistani military bases were reportedly seized during heavy cross-border fighting, according to official claims released Sunday.

Afghanistan’s Taliban defense ministry has claimed that its forces captured four Pakistani military bases following retaliatory attacks against Pakistani troops. The statement was issued Sunday by Taliban defense spokesperson Enayatullah Khwarazmi.

According to the ministry, 32 Pakistani soldiers were killed during the operation, reportedly through the use of landmines. The Taliban also claimed to have shot down two Pakistani drones during the clashes.

The reported attacks allegedly took place in Nangarhar, Khost, Kandahar, and Paktia provinces. Pakistani security officials have not yet commented on the claims.

The Taliban further confirmed that Pakistani aircraft conducted patrol flights over Kabul overnight. Local sources also reported explosions and gunfire in parts of the capital.

Additional reports suggest that Pakistani aircraft bombed Bagram Airfield during the night, though independent verification of these claims remains limited.

Tensions between the Taliban-led Afghan authorities and Pakistan have escalated in recent months, with both sides accusing each other of cross-border attacks and harboring militant groups.

Unverified videos circulating on social media appear to show flashes and aircraft activity over Kabul, but official confirmation from Pakistani authorities is still pending.

Four Pakistani Military Bases Seized in Cross-Border Clashes: Defense Ministry
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Blasts heard in Kabul as Pakistan-Afghanistan conflict continues

March 2, 2026
By Al Jazeera Staff and News Agencies
Published On 1 Mar 2026
Explosions have been heard in the Afghan capital, Kabul, with Taliban forces saying they opened fire at Pakistani aircraft, as the conflict stretched into its fourth consecutive day.

Afghanistan’s Taliban government said its forces deployed anti-aircraft and missile defence systems against Pakistani jets that entered Afghan airspace early on Sunday morning. This included thwarting an attempted Pakistani strike on Bagram, the former US military base north of Kabul that US President Donald Trump expressed interest in reoccupying last year.

Pakistan has not responded to the claim.

Islamabad has declared that the two countries are in “open war”, and on Sunday, its forces were reported to still be holding a 32-square-kilometre (12-mile) area of Afghan territory in the southern Zhob sector, according to two Pakistani security officials.

Afghanistan’s deputy government spokesman, Hamdullah Fitrat, said Pakistani strikes had killed 55 civilians across multiple provinces since fighting intensified on Thursday, according to the Anadolu news agency.

Among them was a woman and a child, who were killed in a drone strike on Nangarhar province, as well as a civilian whose home was hit by mortar fire in Paktia, eastern Afghanistan.

In Kunar province, a young man named Sajid described losing his brother, who had refused to flee. “He said, ‘I will stay and look after the house,’” Sajid told the AFP news agency. “He was martyred near the mosque while trying to leave.”

Al Jazeera has not been able to verify casualty claims from either side.

Despite the Taliban signalling an openness to negotiations, Pakistan has rejected dialogue. “There won’t be any talks. There’s no dialogue. There’s no negotiation,” said Mosharraf Zaidi, the Pakistani prime minister’s spokesman for foreign media, insisting that Islamabad’s sole demand was an end to what it calls Afghanistan-based “terrorism”.

Long-running dispute

Tensions between the two neighbours have been running high since late Thursday, when Kabul launched “retaliatory operations” along the border after Pakistani air strikes in late February.

The roots of the conflict lie in a long-running and bitter dispute over Pakistan Taliban, known by the acronym TTP, an armed group that Pakistan accuses Kabul of harbouring.

The TTP has dramatically intensified its campaign inside Pakistan, with the last year being the country’s most violent in nearly a decade. Deaths surged by 75 percent from 2024 to 3,413, and overall violent incidents rose by 29 percent, according to the Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies, an Islamabad-based think tank.

On February 21, a Pakistani air strike targeted what it called TTP hideouts in the Nangarhar and Paktika provinces, along Pakistan’s border. The United Nations said it had credible reports that 13 Afghan civilians were killed.

Kabul calls Pakistan’s actions unprovoked and denies that Afghan soil is used to threaten any neighbouring country.

Militarily, the two sides are deeply mismatched, as Pakistan has vastly superior conventional firepower, aircraft, tanks, and advanced defence systems.

But the Afghan Taliban, hardened by more than two decades of rebel warfare against US-led NATO forces, has deployed drones to strike Pakistani military camps, a cheap and effective tool that is reshaping the battlefield.

International calls for de-escalation are growing, with the European Union, UN, Russia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Jordan all urging restraint.

The group Diplomats Without Borders warned on February 27 that further confrontation risked “broader regional instability” and called on both governments to return to direct dialogue.

Yet, with much of the world’s diplomatic bandwidth consumed by the rapidly escalating US-Israel conflict with Iran, there are fears this war could be left to continue without urgent international attention.

Despite the clashes with Pakistani forces, on Saturday, Afghan government spokesman Abdul Qahar Balkhi took to social media to condemn the attacks on Iran and Iran’s subsequent attacks on countries in the Gulf. He urged all parties to “address their differences through diplomatic means.”

Pakistan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a near-identical call for restraint in the Middle East on February 28.

Omar Samad, a former Afghan diplomat, warned that the war conflict involving Iran could distract from efforts to end the fighting between Pakistan and Afghanistan.

“Iran and the involvement of the United States and Israel across the board in the Middle East is a much larger, more important, significant event”, Samad said, “and it is taking away bandwidth from anything else happening across the world, including in the neighbourhood of Pakistan, Afghanistan”.

Blasts heard in Kabul as Pakistan-Afghanistan conflict continues
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Afghanistan strikes Pakistan’s strategic Nur Khan military airbase

March 2, 2026

ANI (India)

Kabul, Updated At : 12:21 AM Mar 03, 2026
featured-imgfeatured-img
The Nur Khan airbase in Rawalpindi’s Chakala also suffered significant damage in May last year following India’s coordinated strikes on key military installations in Pakistan as part of Operation Sindoor.

Amid escalated cross-border tension between Afghanistan and Pakistan, the Ministry of National Defense of the Islamic Emirate said it had carried out airstrikes on major military installations in Pakistan, including the Nur Khan airbase in Rawalpindi, describing the action as a response to Pakistani air raids on Afghan territory.

Notably, the Nur Khan airbase in Rawalpindi’s Chakala also suffered significant damage in May last year following India’s coordinated strikes on key military installations in Pakistan, which came as part of Operation Sindoor, in retaliatory action by the Indian Armed Forces.

The Indian Armed Forces launched Operation Sindoor in the early hours of May 7, as a retaliatory response to the April 22 terror attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir. Satellite images captured by Maxar Technologies on May 13 revealed significant damage to multiple air bases in Pakistan, including Nur Khan Air Base.

Meanwhile, the Afghan defence ministry also stated that the operation was launched in retaliation for airstrikes that were carried out by the Pakistani army on Kabul, Bagram and other areas “last night and today”.

Afghanistan strikes Pakistan’s strategic Nur Khan military airbase
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Pakistan, Afghanistan show no signs of stepping back as fighting enters fifth day

March 2, 2026

By  and 

Reuters

  • Fighting between Afghanistan and Pakistan enters fifth day
  • Taliban claims to have destroyed Pakistani military assets
  • Pakistan accuses Afghanistan of harbouring insurgents
KABUL/ISLAMABAD, March 2 (Reuters) – Afghanistan and Pakistan said on Monday that their militaries had targeted each other’s posts across the border as their fighting entered a ​fifth day, fuelling instability in a region rocked by U.S.–Israeli strikes on Iran and Tehran’s retaliation.
The intensity of the clashes, however, appeared ‌to be lower than when it began although there were no signs that the allies-turned-foes were seeking to step back and make peace.

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The direct fighting between the South Asian neighbours who share a 2,600-km (1,615-mile) border is the heaviest in years.
It began when Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers launched what they called retaliatory strikes on Pakistani installations in response to Pakistan’s targetting of militants in Afghanistan.
Dozens ​of people were killed on both sides as Pakistan used jets to launch air-to-ground missiles at Taliban military sites and even directly ​targeted Afghanistan’s government for the first time over allegations it harbours militants seeking to overthrow the Islamabad government.

BAGRAM AIR BASE ⁠TARGETED

On Monday, the Taliban defence ministry said that Afghan forces targeted and destroyed a Pakistani military armoured tank on the frontier in Paktika province after it had ​fired shells indiscriminately toward Afghanistan.
Defence ministry spokesperson Enayatullah Khowarazmi said that Afghan forces had killed more than 100 enemy personnel and captured more than 25 Pakistani ​military posts so far.
In a statement directed at the people of Afghanistan, Khowarazmi said that “sometimes the enemy’s aircraft pass through our airspace” and Taliban fighters fire air defence weapons to repel enemy attacks.
“Do not be concerned, they are your own sons. Be confident and trust your sons,” he said, referring to the Taliban fighters.
Afghan police said late on Sunday ​that Pakistani jets had tried to bomb Bagram air base outside Kabul and were repelled by Russian-made ZU-23 anti-aircraft guns. There were no casualties ​or financial losses, they said.
Bagram air base, located north of Kabul, was the largest U.S. military base in Afghanistan and once the centrepiece of U.S. and NATO military operations ‌during the ⁠20-year war.

NO PROGRESS ON PEACE MOVES

Pakistani security sources said that their air strikes and ground attacks were ongoing and Pakistani troops had destroyed ammunition depots in Khost and Jalalabad, as well as a drone storage site in Jalalabad, among other targets.
Pakistani forces had so far killed 435 Afghan troops, destroyed 188 posts and captured another 31 posts, Pakistani Information Minister Attaulla Tarar said in a post on X.
Pakistan had also destroyed 188 tanks, armoured vehicles and artillery ​guns and targeted 51 locations by ​air, he said.
Since the fighting began, ⁠both sides have claimed to have inflicted heavy damage on the other — figures which Reuters has been unable to verify.
Friendly countries such as Qatar last week said they were willing to mediate and end the fighting. The Afghan ​Taliban too had said it was willing to negotiate but there has been no movement, especially with the Gulf region ​getting caught in ⁠its own conflict.

MILITANCY ONLY ISSUE, PAKISTAN SAYS

The Afghan-Pakistan enmity is centred around Pakistani allegations that Afghanistan harbours Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan militants, which it says are waging an insurgency inside Pakistan.
Afghanistan has denied the accusation, saying it does not allow Afghan territory to be used against other countries and that Pakistan’s security challenges are an internal ⁠matter.
“Pakistan has ​had only one ask, and that’s that Afghan soil shouldn’t be used against Pakistan,” Pakistani ​Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar told diplomats at a briefing in Islamabad on Monday, in comments aired by state broadcaster PTV. “This is the only issue we have, as long as it is settled, ​we have no other issue with Afghanistan.”

Reporting by Mohammad Yunus Yawar in Kabul and Asif Shahzad in Islamabad; Writing by YP Rajesh; Editing by Toby Chopra

Pakistan, Afghanistan show no signs of stepping back as fighting enters fifth day
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Afghanistan Says Pakistan Tried to Strike Prized Air Base

March 2, 2026

Elian Peltier reported from Islamabad, Pakistan, and Safiullah Padshah from Kabul, Afghanistan.

The New York Times

Afghan officials said they had thwarted a Pakistani airstrike on the former U.S. base, Bagram airfield, amid an intensifying campaign that has targeted dozens of military sites across the country.

Afghan officials said Sunday that Pakistan had conducted airstrikes on Bagram Air Base, its most prized military asset and one coveted by President Trump.

“This morning at around 5 a.m., several fighter jets belonging to Pakistan’s military regime attempted to carry out a bombing operation within the airspace of Bagram Air Base,” Fazal Rahim Meskinyar, a spokesman for the Parwan Province police, where Bagram is, said in a statement.

Mr. Meskinyar said that Afghan antiaircraft weapons had repelled the missiles, and that there were no reported casualties.

A spokesman for the Taliban government, Hamdullah Fitrat, and the Afghan Ministry of Defense both said Sunday evening that Afghanistan had faced an “aerial aggression” at the base. Their statements did not say whether the attack had caused any damage.

Bagram Airfield was the nerve center of the 20-year U.S. war in Afghanistan and a big trophy when the Taliban retook control of the country in 2021 after the United States withdrew its forces.

Since returning to the presidency in 2025, Mr. Trump has said that the United States should never have abandoned Bagram and that he wanted to reclaim it. “We’re trying to get it back because they need things from us,” he said in September.

Mr. Trump said Bagram was strategically important for the United States because “it’s an hour away from where China makes its nuclear weapons.”

The Pakistani military has hit dozens of small Afghan military bases, ammunition depots and outposts in recent days, declaring that it is in “open war” against the Taliban government.

Targeting Bagram is different. Until Sunday, the Pakistani strikes had not been aimed at major infrastructure, and nothing with the symbolic significance that Bagram holds.

The base, about 25 miles north of the capital, Kabul, has massive twin runways, one of which, at 11,800 feet, is Afghanistan’s longest, designed to sustain heavy fighter planes and transport carriers. But recent reports have suggested that the Afghan government now makes limited use of the airfield. “We have neither weapons nor forces in Bagram,” Bakht ur-Rahman Sharafat, the director general of Afghanistan’s national airline, said on social media on Sunday.

The attempted strikes on Bagram came on the second day of a coordinated attack by the United States and Israel on major cities and infrastructure in Iran. On Saturday, the attacks killed Iran’s longtime supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, a seismic political shift that raises the prospect of broader instability in the Middle East and South Asia. Iran has responded with strikes on Israel and several other Middle Eastern countries that host U.S. military bases.

Afghanistan and Pakistan have been trading attacks for months, but the violence has now reached its highest level in years. Pakistan has said the strikes are in retaliation for the Taliban government’s support of a militant group that has killed hundreds of Pakistani security forces in recent years.

Afghanistan has responded with attacks on Pakistani outposts along its 1,600-mile shared border with Pakistan. Afghan officials have rejected Pakistan’s accusations that they support the militant group, Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan, also known as the Pakistani Taliban. In private, however, they have acknowledged the presence of the group’s militants in Afghanistan.

On Sunday, Pakistan also carried out airstrikes in Kabul. A loud explosion rumbled through the city of six million as residents began their daily Ramadan fast. The fighting resumed on Sunday night, with heavy antiaircraft fire heard in central Kabul.

Both Pakistani and Afghan forces have ignored calls by neighboring countries to respect a truce during the holy month of Ramadan.

It remains unclear what objectives Pakistan wants to accomplish with the latest military campaign. Analysts say that more strikes on Afghan military infrastructure are likely to lead to retaliatory attacks from militant groups supporting the Taliban government, including the Pakistani Taliban.

The Pakistani military is far bigger than Afghanistan’s, but over the weekend some analysts questioned Pakistan’s endgame for its campaign — or if it had any.

Though the Taliban government has rebuffed Mr. Trump’s effort to take back Bagram, it has called for Afghanistan and the United States to rebuild economic and diplomatic relations.

“The United States is well aware that its 20-year military presence in Afghanistan constituted a failed policy,” Amir Khan Muttaqi, Afghanistan’s foreign minister, told The New York Times in Kabul in January. “We seek positive relations with the United States across all domains — without any military presence.”

Elian Peltier is The Times’s bureau chief for Pakistan and Afghanistan, based in Islamabad.

Afghanistan Says Pakistan Tried to Strike Prized Air Base
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No Clear Endgame in the Conflict Between Afghanistan and Pakistan

March 1, 2026

By Elian Peltier

Reporting from Islamabad, Pakistan

The New York Times

2026

Once again, Afghanistan is fighting a mightier enemy.

After Pakistan declared “open war” on the Taliban government on Friday, two armed forces with wide gaps in weaponry and tactics between them now face each other along a roughly 1,600-mile-long border.

Pakistan has one of the largest militaries in Asia, emboldened by its successes in a conflict with India last year. The Taliban in Afghanistan have honed guerrilla tactics over more than two decades of war with U.S. forces, which abandoned billions of dollars worth of weapons in 2021.

The latest phase of the conflict, which started with border skirmishes last year, is expected to continue flaring up and may escalate. Additional airstrikes threaten to inflict major damage on cities in Afghanistan, which is already reeling from extreme poverty and a humanitarian crisis. Militant groups supporting the Taliban are likely to target deeper in Pakistan’s territory with more attacks, including suicide bombings and assaults on security forces, analysts say.

The Pakistani military carried out a barrage of airstrikes on Afghan military infrastructure on Friday, after accusing the Taliban government of hosting and supporting a militant group that has repeatedly attacked Pakistan’s security forces.

The strikes this week did not target major infrastructure to leave room for escalation, Mr. Cheema noted.

“The Pakistani military knows where to hit and hurt the Taliban the most,” he said.

Pakistan’s military and security apparatus supported the Taliban for decades, including by providing a refuge for the group’s leadership during the U.S.-led war in Afghanistan and supplying the insurgency with weapons.

Its government initially welcomed the Taliban’s return to power in 2021, but the relationship soured shortly after Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan, an Islamist militant group that opposes the Pakistani state, intensified its attacks across the border. Pakistan accuses the Taliban government of harboring the group, which is also known as the Pakistani Taliban.

“Now it is open war between us and you,” Pakistan’s defense minister, Khawaja Asif, said Friday in a post on social media. The comment was a sharp turn from the public support he had once displayed toward Taliban officials.

The Afghan Ministry of Defense says it has 205,000 men in its armed forces. An additional 223,000 men are in the Afghan police, according to the Interior Ministry, though analysts say those figures are difficult to verify.

The Taliban have also inherited Black Hawk helicopters, Humvee vehicles and thousands of weapons from the war against the United States — worth more than $7 billion in total, according to the Department of Defense. Afghan soldiers in the capital, Kabul, and across the country can regularly be seen with M16 and AR-15 rifles, and markets there sell U.S. military uniforms and spare parts for night vision goggles.

Many of those weapons have ended up in the hands of insurgent groups like the Pakistani Taliban.

“The Taliban have definitely capitalized on the stocks of U.S. weapons, but they don’t have the logistical and maintenance capacity,” said Paddy Ginn, a senior expert on Afghanistan at the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime.

The Afghan military would struggle to hit major Pakistani military bases, Mr. Ginn added.

“Afghanistan has a fledgling air force made of helicopters and drones they’ve weaponized,” he said. “Pakistan is pretty impressive in its air defense counter drones and airstrike capabilities.”

Still, the Taliban fighters who now make up the bulk of the Afghan military have repeatedly broken through Pakistani territory through lethal ground incursions. They struck more than 50 locations on Friday in coordinated attacks, which the Afghan government said were in retaliation for Pakistani strikes earlier in the week.

“The Taliban mastered the art of taking out isolated military checkpoints when they were fighting internationally backed Afghan troops,” said Ibraheem Bahiss, an Afghanistan analyst with the International Crisis Group.

“They’re trying to rely on their tried and tested methods because they don’t have a lot of other options,” he added.

Afghan officials have called for dialogue, and analysts on both sides of the border say the region cannot sustain more volatility.

Pakistan has refused the call for talks. Although the Taliban publicly deny hosting the Pakistani Taliban, Islamabad says it has run out of patience with the Taliban leadership after several rounds of failed peace negotiations and relentless attacks.

The Pakistani Taliban have killed more than 1,300 people in over 800 attacks since 2021, according to the Pak Institute for Peace Studies, a research center based in Islamabad.

Pakistani aircraft hit military compounds in Kabul and Kandahar — home to Afghanistan’s supreme leader, Sheikh Haibatullah Akhundzada — on Friday as well as various other military facilities and arms depots near the Pakistani border in eastern Afghanistan.

The Pakistani military claims to have destroyed 135 Afghan tanks and carrier vehicles and killed more than 330 Afghan fighters in a single day, although it made no distinction between Afghan soldiers and Pakistani Taliban militants.

Pakistan also struck areas that were full of civilians, according to humanitarian organizations and Afghan officials. They added that it targeted at least two camps hosting Afghans who were recently expelled from Pakistan. Returnees evacuated one of the camps; three Afghan civilians were killed and seven others wounded in a strike near the other camp in southeastern Afghanistan on Saturday, Afghan officials said.

The camps are run by U.N. agencies and international and Afghan organizations.

Allison Hooker, the U.S. under secretary of state for political affairs, said on Friday that she had called Pakistan’s foreign minister and “expressed support for Pakistan’s right to defend itself against Taliban attacks.”

After Pakistan’s airstrikes in Afghanistan, the Pakistani Taliban and two other Islamist militant groups urged their fighters to intensify attacks in Pakistan’s two most populous provinces, Punjab and Sindh, which have largely been spared the brunt of Pakistani Taliban’s assaults.

The attacks would aim to “weaken the enemy” and show solidarity with Afghans, the groups said in statements. The Pakistani Taliban have about 6,000 fighters, according to the United Nations.

The Pakistani government has tightened security nationwide, and the U.S. embassy in Islamabad has advised Americans in Pakistan to avoid large commercial areas.

“A blowback will come,” said Mansoor Ahmad Khan, a former Pakistani ambassador to Afghanistan. “That is the nature of war.”

Pakistan should leave the door open for de-escalation, he added.

“The Afghan Taliban have suffered heavy damage as a result of Pakistani strikes, no doubt,” Mr. Khan said. “But an expansion of the war is not in Pakistan’s interest. Nor is it in Afghanistan’s.”

Zia ur-Rehman and Salman Masood contributed reporting from Islamabad, Christiaan Triebert from New York, Safiullah Padshah and Yaqoob Akbary from Kabul, and Omar Ataullah from Kandahar.

Elian Peltier is The Times’s bureau chief for Pakistan and Afghanistan, based in Islamabad.

No Clear Endgame in the Conflict Between Afghanistan and Pakistan
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Pakistan says it is in ‘open war’ with Afghanistan as nations exchange strikes

February 28, 2026
By Haq Nawaz Khan, and Shaiq Hussain
The Washington Post
February 27, 2026

PESHAWAR, Pakistan — Pakistan’s defense minister said his country will have “open war” with Afghanistan, as the neighboring nations carried out strikes in each others’ capital cities after months of escalating tension.

Khawaja Asif said that Pakistan had hoped for peace in Afghanistan after the United States and allied forces withdrew in 2021, but that its patience with the Taliban government had run out and that Pakistan’s forces would respond decisively to what he described as Afghan aggression, in a post Thursday on X.

The escalation comes after Pakistan shut all major crossings along its roughly 1,600-mile border with Afghanistan in mid-October, amid clashes along the frontier. The sides eventually agreed to a ceasefire, but crossings remain closed to trade in what amounts to the longest border shutdown in living memory, according to locals.

The Afghan Taliban have denied harboring the group.

In the renewed round of conflict, Pakistan carried out strikes in Kabul and Kandahar, the base of Taliban leader Haibatullah Akhundzada, as well as in the eastern border region of Paktia, according to officials in both nations. On Friday, the Afghan Ministry of Defense said it launched strikes against military targets in Islamabad and Abbottabad, following an earlier announcement of strikes on Pakistani border positions. Both sides claimed their strikes were retaliatory.

Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif said in a statement Friday that his country would crush any aggression. Pakistan’s information minister, Attaullah Tarar, said in a statement that 297 members of the Taliban had been killed and more than 450 wounded in strikes. In a statement, the Taliban accused Pakistan of targeting civilians, killing 19 people and injuring 26.

Speaking at a news conference on Friday, Mujahid said that if Pakistan chooses war, Afghanistan would “choose annihilation.”

U.N. Special Rapporteur Richard Bennett called for calm and the two nations to respect international law and civilian rights after the tensions “regrettably flowed into violence.”

Earlier, Afghanistan’s Ministry of National Defense said it had carried out “retaliatory attacks” after the Pakistani military breached Afghan border positions.

It claimed 55 Pakistani soldiers were killed and their bodies were taken to Afghanistan, with two bases and 19 posts captured, in attacks in Paktia, Khost, Nangahar and Konar, among other places. Thirteen civilians were injured in a missile attack and eight fighters were killed, the Afghan Defense Ministry said.

The number of casualties could not be independently verified by The Washington Post.

Asked on Friday whether he would seek to stop the fighting, President Donald Trump did not answer directly, but said that he had a “great” relationship with Pakistani leaders. “I think that Pakistan is doing terrifically well,” he told reporters.

“The United States supports Pakistan’s right to defend itself against attacks from the Taliban,” the State Department said in a statement Friday.

“The Taliban have consistently failed to uphold their counterterrorism commitments, allowing violence to destabilize the region while terrorist groups use Afghanistan as a launching pad for their heinous attacks,” the statement said.

The clashes come as Afghanistan and Pakistan, along with others in the region, brace for potential ripple effects of any U.S. strikes on Iran, with which both countries share borders. The threat of U.S. strikes, amid nuclear talks set to resume next week, continued to build Friday with a State Department advisory to nonessential U.S. Embassy employees in Jerusalem to leave Israel, against which Iran has pledged strikes in response to a U.S. attack. The advisory did not mention Iran.

Craw reported from London and Hussain reported from Islamabad, Pakistan. Michael Birnbaum, Karen DeYoung and Adam Taylor in Washington contributed to this report.

Pakistan says it is in ‘open war’ with Afghanistan as nations exchange strikes
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