Afghanistan Peace Campaign
The World Bank says disruptions affecting Afghanistan’s trade routes through Pakistan have pushed Afghan businesses to rely more heavily on alternative transit corridors through Iran and Central Asia, while warning that economic pressures on households remain severe.
In its latest report, the World Bank said changes in Afghanistan’s trade patterns have increased the importance of northern and western routes, with Iran and Central Asian countries playing a growing role in the movement of imported goods.
The report noted that Pakistan’s role as a traditional trade gateway for Afghanistan has declined as businesses seek alternative routes following repeated border disruptions, trade restrictions and tensions between Kabul and Islamabad.
For decades, Pakistan served as one of Afghanistan’s main commercial links, providing access to ports, regional markets and international trade networks. However, recent challenges affecting Afghanistan-Pakistan trade have encouraged importers and traders to diversify supply routes through neighbouring countries.
The World Bank said the shift highlights Afghanistan’s increasing reliance on multiple trade corridors to maintain access to essential goods. It added that improved regional connectivity and predictable transit arrangements would be important for supporting long-term economic stability.
Despite some signs of economic stabilization, the World Bank warned that Afghanistan’s recovery remains fragile. The institution said economic growth has not kept pace with population growth, particularly after the return of large numbers of Afghan migrants from neighbouring countries.
The report also highlighted declining real per capita income compared with previous years, saying reduced household purchasing power has contributed to continued economic hardship for many Afghans.
The World Bank said limited employment opportunities, rising population needs and weak economic conditions remain major barriers to sustainable recovery. It stressed that stronger trade links, regional cooperation and economic reforms will be necessary to improve Afghanistan’s long-term prospects.